Properties of sintered glass-ceramics prepared from plasma vitrified air pollution control residues

Roether, Judith A.; Daniel, D. Joseph; Rani, D. Amutha; Deegan, David; Cheeseman, Christopher R.; Boccaccını, Aldo R.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.123

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It is known that the glassy matrix is more easily leached in the acid solution. In addition, the delay of crystal growth time induced an increase in the content of the crystalline phase, which resulted in the higher chemical durability in the glass-ceramics materials [8,15] . The results also indicated that the chemical durability of the glass-ceramics at optimum heat treatment condition exceeded those of marble and granite [8] .…”

Section: Physical/mechanical and Chemical Properties Of Glass-ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been considerable researches on the production of glass-ceramics from fly ash with or without the addition of wastes such as glass cullet, silica sand and bottom ash in recent years [15][16][17] . However, most of these researches focused on the properties of glass-ceramics from incinerator fly ash and paid less attention to their crystallization kinetics.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of nucleating agents on crystallization of arc-molten slag from incinerator fly ash

Liu

Wei

et al. 2014

Trans. Tianjin Univ.

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Abstract：Glass-ceramics obtained from the electric arc furnace molten slag of incinerator fly ash was produced by applying nucleation and crystallization through heat treatment process. The effects of nucleating agent (TiO 2 and Cr 2 O 3 )on the crystallization kinetics and heat treatment schedule of the slag were investigated. The results show that the nucleating agents changed the crystallization phase and morphology of the obtained glass-ceramics. The optimum heat treatment schedule of the glass with TiO 2 was determined as nucleation at 952 K for 1.5 h and crystal growth at 1 258 K for 1.5 h, while those values with Cr 2 O 3 were estimated at 971 K for 2 h and at 1 238 K for 2 h. TiO 2 acting as nucleating agent could decrease the activation energy of the slag and shorten the total thermal treatment time in comparison with Cr 2 O 3 . The glass-ceramics obtained under the optimum heat treatment condition was environmentfriendly and had remarkable physical/mechanical properties and chemical durability.The incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) leaves considerable amounts of fly ash which is produced in the proportion of 3%-5% of the MSW incinerated [1] . The fly ash is toxic due to the high concentrations of heavy metals as well as the organic compounds like dioxins. Therefore, it is classified as hazardous waste. At present, hazardous fly ash is solidified with cement or directly dumped into MSW sanitary landfill sites in China, which may cause an immensely potential risk to the environment [2] . It is necessary to search for the new techniques to handle fly ash. Melting treatment of incinerator fly ash has advantages in technique, such as high efficiency for the destruction of dioxins, high immobilization of environmentally harmful elements, and significant volume reduction [3,4] . The technique of melting fly ash can be roughly grouped into fuel-burning type and electric melting type. The former type includes rotating type surface melting furnace, reflecting-surface melting furnace and swirling-flow melting furnace. The latter includes plasma melting furnace, electric resistance melting furnace and electric arc furnace. In Japan, the total melting capacity amounts to 1,500 t/d, one-third of which is based on electric arc melting [5] . A suitable type of melting furnace is to be selected depending on its capital costs and operating costs and so on. Electric arc steel making is a mature metallurgical technique in China. Furthermore, there are more and more idle and discarded medium and small electric arc furnaces with the development of metallurgical technique in recent years. Therefore, utilizing existing electric arc furnace in metallurgy industry to melt incinerator ashes would reduce the expenses of investment, which is one of the promising solutions. However, its operation costs are estimated to be still high due to high energy consumption. Therefore, exploring the means to convert the molten slag into a new marketable material has become matters of interest [6] . The slag comprises silicate-calcium...

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Section: Physical/mechanical and Chemical Properties Of Glass-ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nucleating agents on crystallization of arc-molten slag from incinerator fly ash

Liu

Wei

et al. 2014

Trans. Tianjin Univ.

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“…In this way, trace elements are immobilized so that they cannot influence health and the environment. See also References [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Vitrified Incinerator Ash and Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the possibility of using vitrified forts as anthropogenic analogues for assessment of long-term behaviour of vitrified waste

Sjöblom

Ecke

Brännvall

2012

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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An information survey was conducted in the areas of natural analogues, vitrified forts, combustion technology and vitrified waste. The main purpose was to identify if vitrified stone material in hillforts might be used as anthropogenic analogues for glass containing waste. Such comparisons are needed in order for predictions to be made regarding the long-term integrity of the waste forms. The scope was to compare the chemistry as well as the processes used for the generation of the glasses.It was found that the vitrified forts contain glass material with wide variations in composition of the major elements. They cover and exceed those in the glasses made of waste with only the exception of phosphorus. Natural glasses as well as archaeological glasses show much narrower ranges of compositions, and they do not coincide with those of the glasses containing waste.Quality of heat analyses indicated that it is likely that the stone material in the forts was melted for the purpose of obtaining long-lasting structures. This narrows the range of possible processes used, and facilitates reconstruction of the ancient methods by means of testing. This, in turn, provides possibilities of comparison between ancient and modern methods, which can then be used as a basis for validation of the use of the analogue.

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“…2 Industrial wastes are deposited in subterranean depots, usually prepared in closed coal and ore mines. 11 There are many waste substances that react with carbon dioxide, for example, metallurgic slags, dusts from industrial thermical processes, combustion remains in which calcium oxide is a key component. The reaction between calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH) 2 ] and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is called carbonization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralization of waste filter dust with CO2

Kračun¹,

Anžel²,

Zemljič³

2015

Mater. Tehnol.

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In this paper we report on the possibility of neutralizing filter dust from Talum Livarna d.o.o. The filter dust that remains after cleaning flue gas with the classification number of waste 10 10 09* is alkaline and contains heavy metals, non-metals, organic pollutants, and, therefore, has the properties of hazardous waste. The possibility of neutralizing this dust with CO2 was studied. The results showed that the treatment successfully lowered the pH value between the limits 6 and 9, which is within the legal constraints of pollution for strong acidic or alkaline waste. The contents of the hazardous substances were lowered, i.e., As, Cu, Ba, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sn, Mn and V, with percolation values that are below the level of the prescribed threshold-limit values for substances that allows their disposal in non-hazardous waste landfills. Only the percolation values of Sb, Cd, Mo and Se exceed the prescribed threshold limit values of substances that allow their disposal in inert waste landfills. The XRD analysis after the neutralization of the filter dust using CO2 showed no presence of CaO. The neutralized filter dust can be land filled as a stabilized and unreactive waste in landfills for nonhazardous wastes. Their properties also offer the possibility for incorporating them into some other material or product, such as the production of new composite materials, their use in construction products and perhaps cements or usage in backfills. Keywords: hazardous waste, filter dust, neutralization, stabilization, chemical properties Raziskali smo mo`nost nevtralizacije filtrskega prahu iz podjetja Talum Livarna, d. o. o. Filtrski prah po~i{~enju dimnih plinov s klasifikacijsko {tevilko odpadka 10 10 09* je alkalen, vsebuje te`ke kovine, nekovine, organska onesna`evala, zato ima lastnosti nevarnega odpadka. Filtrski prah smo nevtralizirali s CO2, da je nastal prete`no amorfen produkt. Po obdelavi smo uspe{no zni`ali pH-vrednost v meje med 6 in 9, kar je v dovoljenem obmo~ju za odpadke, onesna`ene z mo~no kislino ali bazo. Prav tako je bila zmanj{ana vsebnost nevarnih snovi, in sicer As, Cu, Ba, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sn, Mn in V, tako da so izlu`evalne vrednosti pod mejo predpisanih parametrov izlu`ka in je tako dovoljeno odlaganje na odlagali{~ih za nenevarne odpadke. Samo izlu`evalne vrednosti Sb, Cd, Mo in Se {e prekora~ujejo predpisane mejne vrednosti, ki so dovoljene za odlaganje na odlagali{~ih za inertne odpadke. XRD-analiza po nevtralizaciji filtrskega prahu s CO2 ni pokazala prisotnosti CaO. Nevtraliziran filtrski prah se lahko odlo`i kot stabiliziran in nereaktiven odpadek na odlagali{~ih nenevarnih odpadkov. Glede na lastnosti obstaja mo`nost predelave in uporabe v koristne namene, npr. za proizvodnjo novih kompozitnih materialov, gradbenih izdelkov, morda cementa ali za zasipavanje.

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Properties of sintered glass-ceramics prepared from plasma vitrified air pollution control residues

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of nucleating agents on crystallization of arc-molten slag from incinerator fly ash

Effects of nucleating agents on crystallization of arc-molten slag from incinerator fly ash

On the possibility of using vitrified forts as anthropogenic analogues for assessment of long-term behaviour of vitrified waste

Neutralization of waste filter dust with CO2

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