Properties of Polymers as Functions of Conversion. IV. Composition Studies of Rubber-like Copolymers<sup>1</sup>

Wall, Frederick T.; Powers, R. W.; Sands, Gillian; Stent, Gunther S.

doi:10.1021/ja01183a046

Cited by 21 publications

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“…The results are rl = 0.29 and r , = 0.02. 'The value of r , is lower than the previousl5-tabulated results (24) owing to the wider molar ratios used and possibly to the method of calculatioll ~vhich eliminates the undue ~veighting of the results obtained with small amounts of acrylonitrile in the charge. The value of 7 , reported earlier (24) was -0.1, which was meaningless.…”

Section: Reacthity Ratios Of the ~Ilonomers Q And Ementioning

confidence: 59%

“…; acrylonitlile polymers and copolynlers have been studied but the data published on the emulsion copolymerization of butadiene and acrylonitrile are scarce. The [nost directly useful results are those of Wall (23,24) and of Semon (19,20). Some data obtained during the copolymerization of other monomers with acrylonitrile (4, 5, 6, 9, 15) ma)-be used to calculate the approximate behavior of the butadiene-acrylonitrile system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compositional Heterogeneity of Butadiene–acrylonitrile Copolymers Prepared in Emulsion at 5°c

Embree¹,

Mitchell²,

Williams³

1951

Can. J. Chem.

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The copolymerization of b~rtadiene and acrylonitrile is very similar to the copolymerization of butadiene and styrene. Polymers predominantly butadiene may be studied by conventional solution techniques but the study of polymers rich in acrylonitrile requires improved solvents for these materials. Polymerization rates are greatest for monomer ratios approximating equal proportions. The mercaptan modilier disappears much more slowly than in the b~~tadiene-styrene system, the regulating index approximating unity. The n~unber average molecular weights calculated from the mercaptan disappearance curves indicate uniform polymer molecular weights to relatively high conversions after which there is a decrease. T h e viscosity data indicate a rise in viscosity \vith conversion, which elfect is overcome for charges rich in acrylonitrile by the lessening of branching, the more rapid disappearance of mcrcaptan a t high conversion, and the tendency of polymers containing over 50% acrylonitrile to show very low dilute s o l~~t i o n viscosities in the solvents tested. Viscosity molecular weights have been calculated and estimates of the molecular weight tlistributjon made. These distributions appear to be quite narrow and the ~~s u a l broaden~ng a t higher conversions is prevented by tlre increased nrodiher consun~ption and increased vinyl content of the poly~ner prepared with 50 parts acrylonitrile in the charge. The bountl acrylonitrile has been determined a t various conversions and the reactivity ratios have been found to be r, = 0 . 2 s and r2 = 0.02 for emulsions and rl = 0. 18 and r? = 0.03 for oil phase portion only. Q is 0.74 and e is 1.17 as calculated by the Alfrey-Price equations.

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Section: Reacthity Ratios Of the ~Ilonomers Q And Ementioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional Heterogeneity of Butadiene–acrylonitrile Copolymers Prepared in Emulsion at 5°c

Embree¹,

Mitchell²,

Williams³

1951

Can. J. Chem.

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“…The validity of the model thus developed is verified by comparing model predictions with the experimental results reported by Wall et al [17]. Figure 1 shows the comparison of the cumulative copolymer compositions (CCC) of AN obtained from the simulation results and the experimental data ([17]) for NBR in a batch reactor. The comparison clearly shows that the model can predict the experimental data quite well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…This approach was found to provide adequate partitioning results [14, 16]. The validity of the model thus developed is verified by comparing model predictions with the experimental results reported by Wall et al [17]. Figure 1 shows the comparison of the cumulative copolymer compositions (CCC) of AN obtained from the simulation results and the experimental data ([17]) for NBR in a batch reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Modeling uses and analysis of production scenarios for acrylonitrile‐butadiene (NBR) emulsions

Madhuranthakam

Penlidis

2011

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The first part of this article discusses different partitioning options used in modeling emulsion copolymerization of acrylonitrile and butadiene for the production of acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR) in batch and continuous reactors. It is observed that the performance of the model using different partitioning methods for estimation of monomer concentration in the different phases (i.e., droplet, aqueous and particle) would be very similar by proper selection of the different parameters of the particular partitioning method. In the second part, the effects of important aspects (during the continuous production of NBR) such as desorption and monomer soluble impurities on polymer properties are discussed. The third part of the paper focuses on procedures and benefits of different kinds of reactor start‐ups, such as starting the reactor(s) full of water, half full of water, full of “batch recipe” or empty. All of the above studies and analysis are targeted towards their effect on principal emulsion polymer characteristics such as number‐ and weight‐average molecular weights, monomer conversion, copolymer composition (bound acrylonitrile), tri‐ and tetra‐functional branching frequencies, and number and average size of the polymer particles. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Free Radical Copolymerization Reactivity Ratios

Greenley

1999

The Wiley Database of Polymer Properties

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Properties of Polymers as Functions of Conversion. IV. Composition Studies of Rubber-like Copolymers¹

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Compositional Heterogeneity of Butadiene–acrylonitrile Copolymers Prepared in Emulsion at 5°c

Compositional Heterogeneity of Butadiene–acrylonitrile Copolymers Prepared in Emulsion at 5°c

Modeling uses and analysis of production scenarios for acrylonitrile‐butadiene (NBR) emulsions

Free Radical Copolymerization Reactivity Ratios

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Properties of Polymers as Functions of Conversion. IV. Composition Studies of Rubber-like Copolymers1

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Compositional Heterogeneity of Butadiene–acrylonitrile Copolymers Prepared in Emulsion at 5°c

Compositional Heterogeneity of Butadiene–acrylonitrile Copolymers Prepared in Emulsion at 5°c

Modeling uses and analysis of production scenarios for acrylonitrile‐butadiene (NBR) emulsions

Free Radical Copolymerization Reactivity Ratios

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Properties of Polymers as Functions of Conversion. IV. Composition Studies of Rubber-like Copolymers¹