Properties of flame‐retardant TPU based on para‐aramid fiber modified with iron diethyl phosphinate

Chen, Xilei; Wei, Zhibiao; Wang, Wenduo; Jiao, Chuanmei

doi:10.1002/pat.4456

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This evidenced that the Kevlar fiber can efficiently hamper the heat release of EHSM in the fire retardancy, due to the high thermal stability of Kevlar fiber. Similar kind of observation has been observed by Chen et al in their experiment . Heat release rate (HRR) is exceptionally a disadvantage parameter to the ablative performance of the developed EHSMs, wherein the remanants after the combustion may effortlessly get disturbed by the hasty heat flow discharged from the composites in the direction of flame at higher temperature, eventually contributes in the depletion of its thermal resistance.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor: Impact of Kevlar fiber reinforcement on the thermal and mechanical properties

George

Panda

Biswal

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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This work scrutinizes the utilization of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber matrix (EPDM) with an embodiment of aramid fiber for the heat shielding applications in solid rocket motor (SRM). Aramid fibers are aromatic poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide, here deployed are Kevlar fibers (KF). However, the literature that encompasses the thermal and mechanical behavior with the fiber loading is reported nowhere else. The effect of fiber addition on the surface morphology and density was thoroughly studied, and it revealed that the EHSMs were of lower density to act as an efficient payload for the SRM. In this regard, the thermal conductivity, heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, fire behavior, and mechanical properties of the EPDM/KF-based EHSMs were explored. The results revealed that the EHSMs are thermally insulating and thermally stable material with balanced mechanical properties that can engender the thermal and mechanical strains of the rocket motor. Furthermore, other analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy have been exploited to monitor the performance of the char residues of the EHSM to delineate its performance in the fire atmosphere. K E Y W O R D S cone calorimetry, EHSM, Kevlar fiber, SRM, thermal conductivity 1 | INTRODUCTION Thermal protection systems (TPS) grounded on the base of polymeric ablative materials (PAMs) for the safeguard of hypersonic flights in the planetary atmosphere have been probed from the last decades.PAMs are also utilized to endow thermal insulation to the SRMs, which particularly depends on the prerequisite of the application, whether charring or noncharring. 1-3 The high char preservation capable phenolic resins are the foremost manoeuvers typically indentured for solid rocket motors (SRMs). On the other hand, when the charred material undergoes erosion, it necessitates for the fibrous incorporation into the matrix. On these grounds, fibers made of carbon, oxides, asbestos, or glass have been generally employed 4 ; moreover, highly performing organic fibers such as aramid fibers (Kevlar) and polyimide fibers are also used. 4,5 Besides this, micron 6 or nano 7,8 silica is prepended for the elevated ablation rate and char stability and diminished oxidation rate of the residue. Moreover, in the case of flexible insulators that endures for high strain capable applications are met with elastomeric heat shielding materials (EHSMs).Among the various elastomeric materials for SRMs, EPDM is of paramount importance representing an excellent matrix for SRM liners.EPDM holds for superior thermal resistance, reliable mechanical

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor: Impact of Kevlar fiber reinforcement on the thermal and mechanical properties

George

Panda

Biswal

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…TETP as aphosphorus/nitrogen‐containing flame retardant decomposes at low temperatures to release some phosphoric and polyphosphoric acids, which is regarded to be good at promoting the dehydration‐carbonization process of EP matrix to form a porous intumescent char helped by the blowing agents, water vapor and some inert gases 53 . The intumescent char with a higher degree of graphitization can prevent the heat and mass transfer between the combustion zone and the condensed phase, leading to a great decrease in pHRR, THR and TSR 54 . Besides, the tin compounds (ie, tin phosphate) in the char residue of EP/TETP composites proved by XRD may have smoke suppressive ability for EP 55,56 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy resin/tin ethylenediamine tetra‐methylene phosphonate composites with simultaneous improvement of flame retardancy and smoke suppression

Wang

2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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A nitrogen-containing metal-organic phosphonate, that is, tin ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate (TETP) was synthesized, characterized, and then used as the flame-retardant additive in epoxy resin (EP). The flame retardancy, smoke suppression, thermal stability, and mechanical performances of the EP/TETP composites were thoroughly evaluated. It is found that the EP composite with 7.0 wt% of TETP (EP/TETP-7) can pass UL-94 V-0 rating with a high LOI value of 29.5%. Cone calorimeter results show that the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke release of EP/TETP-7 are decreased by 45.7%, 27.3%, and 37.3%, respectively, compared with pure EP. Besides, the production rates of CO and CO 2 of EP/TETP-7 are reduced remarkably. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that the char residue of EP/TETP-7 at 800 C is almost double than that of pure EP. Moreover, the incorporation of TETP has less influence on the mechanical performances and thermal resistance (ie, glass transition temperature) of EP/TETP composites.

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“…Chemical [ 6–11 ] and physical modification [ 12,13 ] to enhance the adhesion of AF surface is a common method of fiber surface treatment. Complexation treatment is also a method of fiber treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of an in situ interfacial layer for aramid fiber reinforced styrene butadiene rubber composites

Luo

Yang

Xiang

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this work, the in situ interface layer composite was prepared by using the coating agent dispersion. Aramid fiber (AF) was modified with lithium chloride aqueous solution, and then coated with the blends of a low‐molecular weight maleated polybutadiene liquid rubber (MLPB), the epoxy resin (E51), and 2‐ethyl‐4‐methylimidazole (2E4MZ). The in situ interface layer was formed via the reaction of epoxy group with anhydride group in the presence of the accelerator 2E4MZ and covulcanization of MLPB with styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) in the process of preparing vulcanized AF reinforced SBR. It can be seen from analysis of scanning electronic microscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared, and thermogravimetric analysis that the in situ interfacial layer was a uniform and dense interfacial layer on the fiber surface and was not be destroyed during processing. The results of the dynamic mechanical analysis and mechanical properties showed that the in situ interface layer formed in processing had higher flexibility and better integrity than the interface layer prepared before processing, which is favorable for stress relaxation, and the in situ interface layer imparts better tensile strength and tear strength to the composite. The 100% modulus of composites with in situ interface layers was 14.6% higher than that of composites prepared without uncoated AF.

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Properties of flame‐retardant TPU based on para‐aramid fiber modified with iron diethyl phosphinate

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor: Impact of Kevlar fiber reinforcement on the thermal and mechanical properties

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor: Impact of Kevlar fiber reinforcement on the thermal and mechanical properties

Epoxy resin/tin ethylenediamine tetra‐methylene phosphonate composites with simultaneous improvement of flame retardancy and smoke suppression

Construction of an in situ interfacial layer for aramid fiber reinforced styrene butadiene rubber composites

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