Properties and effects of organic additives on performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Fast depletion of conventional automobile fuels and environmental pollution due to exhaust emission are the issues of great importance. Improvement in engine performance and emission control is quite difficult to handle simultaneously. The fuel properties can be improved substantially by incorporation of additives in different proportions to get better emission standard without deteriorating the engine performance. The aim of current study is to review/summarize the effects of various organic additives on the engine performance (i.e., brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, volumetric efficiency, etc.) and emissions (i.e., carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, particulate matter, and other harmful compounds). The physico-chemical and combustion properties (i.e., density, latent heat, dynamic viscosity, flash point, boiling point, cetane number, oxygen content, lower heating value, auto-ignition temperature, etc.) of various additives were also discussed to check the suitability of additives with diesel. Finally, limitations and opportunities using organic additives with respect to engine performance and combustion were discussed to guide future research and improvement in this field.

Experimental investigation of various ethanol blends impact on combustion and emissions characteristics of diesel ignited dual fuel HCCI engine

“…It is observed that E100 blend shows more BTE compared to the rest of ethanol blends and pure diesel mode engine. BTE may increase due to lower heat losses in the cylinder because pure ethanol has a lower flame temperature compared to the remaining ethanol blend and diesel (Kumar et al , 2018).…”

Effect of hybrid nanoparticles MgO and Al2O3 added water‐in‐diesel emulsion fueled diesel engine using hybrid deep neural network‐based spotted hyena optimization

“…From the results, CO emission decreases with a rise in the load on the engine. For full load condition on the engine, that is, 12 is about 0.029 vol% lower than neat diesel, which is a net reduction of 52.72%. This is followed by 50Mg W/D 10, 75Al W/D 10, and 50Mg 50Al W/D 10 which have a similar value range of 0.027 vol% and this is a significant 50.91% reduction in CO level which is lower compared with neat diesel.…”

“…Results show that at the injection pressure 220 bar, the NO x , CO, HC, and smoke emissions are decreased, and as well as other combustion factors, including the eat release rate (HRR), gas temperature, and cylinder pressure mass fraction, are also improved when the proposed fuel is used. kumar et al 12 have addressed environmental pollution and diesel engine emissions as problems for environmental degradation. And hence author has reviewed different types of nanoparticle‐added biodiesel for better performance, efficiency, and to reduce exhaust emissions.…”

Feasibility Evaluation and Numerical Simulation of Diesel–Diethyl Ether–2–Methoxy Ethyl Ether Blends Fueling in Stationary CI Engine

“…By blending DEE with diesel, HC and CO may be reduced. Methoxyethyl ether additives are renewable bio-fuels which generally produce by the reaction of isomyelin and isobutene with ethanol [10]. It can burn mainly and easily consist of diethyl ether (DEE), 2-Methoxyethyl ether (MXEE), 2-ethoxyethyl ether (EXEE), dimethyl ether (DME), Teramylethyl ether (TAEE), ethyl ter-butyl ether (ETBE), di-n-butyl ether (DNBE), etc.…”