Properties and antimicrobial susceptibility of Trueperella pyogenes isolated from bovine mastitis in China

Abstract

Trueperella (T.)pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen that causes suppurative diseases in domestic animals. In this work, the properties, pathogenesis and phenotypic diversity of T. pyogenes isolates from bovine mastitis were studied. Both pyolysin (plo) and collagen-binding protein (cbp) virulence factor genes were detected by PCR in all T. pyogenes isolates (n = 50). Using the tissue culture plate method, 90% of T. pyogenes isolates were able to form biofilms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 13 antimicrobials against T. pyogenes isolates were determined. High susceptibility was observed to rifampin (96%), ampicillin (94%), ciprofloxacin (94%), and penicillin (92%), while low susceptibility was found to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (10%) and bacitracin (2%). The intracellular assay revealed that T. pyogenes isolates had different cytopathogenic effects on cells. The high percentage (28.6%) of T. pyogenes isolates suggests that this bacterium is an important contributor to mastitis. Moreover, the high occurrence of multidrug resistance, biofilm production, intracellular survival, and the temporal dynamics of T. pyogenes interactions are key factors for a better understanding of how immunity acts on infections with these bacteria and how they evade immune surveillance, thus highlighting the need for the prudent use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine.Key words: Trueperella pyogenes, bovine mastitis, biofilm, virulence factor, antimicrobial susceptibility Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by several varieties of bacteria such as Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, S. epidermidis, and strep- † Equal contributors

Unusual caudal vena cava thrombosis in a cow, secondary to Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes infection

“…Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes is an actinomycete commonly isolated from suppurative processes in ruminants, and can be found in the microbiota of the urogenital, gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tracts of the domestic animals (Quinn et al 2011, Machado & Bicalho 2014, Bicalho et al 2016, Ribeiro 2016. Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes isolation in this report resulted probably due the dissemination of the bacteria from the ruminal contents and reaffirms the opportunistic behavior of this actinomycete, usually associated with extensive pyogenic processes in many organs of domestic animals, with hard therapeutic resolution (Radostitis et al 2007, Quinn et al 2011, Simpson et al 2012, Boer et al 2015, Alkasir et al 2016.…”

Virulence markers associated with Trueperella pyogenes infections in livestock and companion animals

“…Besides its major prevalence as a primary agent of bovine mastitis (Zastempowska and Lassa ; Alkasir et al . ), pneumonia, metritis, lymphadenitis, orchitis, abscesses, and encephalitis were also found in the studied animals infected by T. pyogenes (Table ). These results emphasize the opportunistic behaviour of the pathogen, since it is a commensal inhabitant of upper respiratory tract, genital tract, and mucous membranes of livestock (Jost and Billington ) and, it may potentially infect any tissue or organ of domestic and wildlife animals (Ribeiro et al .…”

“…Mammary infections in dairy cows appear to be the major clinical sign of T. pyogenes among domestic animals, due severe glandular damage caused by the pyogranulomatous lesions (Zastempowska and Lassa ; Alkasir et al . ). This pathogen affects lactating and dry cows, as well as heifers, commonly causing clinical infections (Ribeiro et al .…”

“…) , particularly in mammary infections (Zastempowska and Lassa ; Alkasir et al . ) and uterine diseases of dairy cows (Bicalho et al . ).…”

Antimicrobial usage and resistance in beef production

“…An erm (X) tylosin and tetracycline tet (33) resistance plasmid, pAP2, was also identified [116]. Other studies have found high prevalence of tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance, and suggest that AMR in T. pyogenes may of greater significance in bovine mastitis as compared to liver abscesses [117, 118]. …”