Propagation of Flavescence dorée MLO (Mycoplasma-like Organism) in the Leafhopper Vector Euscelidius variegatus Kbm

Lefol, C; Lherminier, Jeannine; Boudon‐Padieu, E.; Larrue, J.; Louis, C.; Caudwell, A.

doi:10.1006/jipa.1994.1053

Cited by 68 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Phytoplasma vitis" is present in the intestines, the fat body, and the salivary glands. These results support a biological cycle of the FD phytoplasma in S. titanus similar to that described in studies on the laboratory model Euscelidius variegatus (24). In this model, the phytoplasma is acquired by the insect from FD-infected plants and, after multiplication in the insect body, passes to other tissues to reach the salivary glands, from which it is reinoculated in plants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A Novel Bacteroidetes Symbiont Is Localized in Scaphoideus titanus , the Insect Vector of Flavescence Dorée in Vitis vinifera

Marzorati¹,

Alma

Sacchi

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Flavescence dorée (FD) is a grapevine disease that afflicts several wine production areas in Europe, from Portugal to Serbia. FD is caused by a bacterium, "Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis," which is spread throughout the vineyards by a leafhopper, Scaphoideus titanus (Cicadellidae). After collection of S. titanus specimens from FD-contaminated vineyards in three different areas in the Piedmont region of Italy, we performed a survey to characterize the bacterial microflora associated with this insect. Using length heterogeneity PCR with universal primers for bacteria we identified a major peak associated with almost all of the individuals examined (both males and females). Characterization by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis confirmed the presence of a major band that, after sequencing, showed a 97 to 99% identity with Bacteroidetes symbionts of the "Candidatus Cardinium hertigii" group. In addition, electron microscopy of tissues of S. titanus fed for 3 months on phytoplasma-infected grapevine plants showed bacterial cells with the typical morphology of "Ca. Cardinium hertigii." This endosymbiont, tentatively designated ST1-C, was found in the cytoplasm of previtellogenic and vitellogenic ovarian cells, in the follicle cells, and in the fat body and salivary glands. In addition, cell morphologies resembling those of "Ca. Phytoplasma vitis" were detected in the midgut, and specific PCR assays indicated the presence of the phytoplasma in the gut, fat body and salivary glands. These results indicate that ST1-C and "Ca. Phytoplasma vitis" have a complex life cycle in the body of S. titanus and are colocalized in different organs and tissues.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A Novel Bacteroidetes Symbiont Is Localized in Scaphoideus titanus , the Insect Vector of Flavescence Dorée in Vitis vinifera

Marzorati¹,

Alma

Sacchi

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…se ha reportado que las hembras son más efi cientes en la transmisión de fi toplasmas que los machos (Beanland et al 1999, Lessio & Alma 2004a, pero en una misma proporción, más machos son infectados que hembras (Beanland et al 2005). Igualmente, los machos se infectan más rápidamente con fitoplasmas y mantienen altas concentraciones en glándulas salivales comparados con las hembras (Lefol et al 1994). Adultos de C. ramosi pueden tener este tipo de comportamiento y favorecer la dispersión del fi toplasma presente en G. phyllireifolia, por lo que conociendo la dinámica de la distribución en las plantas hospederas y los patrones de dispersión de este cicadélido se podrá relacionar, en parte, la incidencia de la enfermedad escoba de bruja en G. phillyreifolia y en otras especies vegetales.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Evaluación del color y la posición de trampas en la captura de cicadélidos en Gaultheria phillyreifolia (Ericaceae) afectadas por fitoplasmas

Arismendi¹,

Carrillo²,

Andrade³

et al. 2009

Neotrop. entomol.

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“…Then it colonises the haemolymph before entering and multiplying in the salivary gland. Finally it is delivered to another host plant through saliva (Lefol et al, 1993(Lefol et al, , 1994. There is a temperature-dependent latency period between the phytoplasma's acquisition by the insect and its transmission to another host plant, between 10 and 45 days.…”

Section: Biology Of Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on pest categorisation of Grapevine Flavescence dorée

Rossi¹

2014

EFSA Journal

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The Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Grapevine Flavescence dorée, also known as Flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FDP), for the European Union (EU) territory. FDP has not yet been defined as a phytoplasma species of the genus Candidatus Phytoplasma. Routine molecular detection assays are available. FDP is transmitted by grafting and vegetative propagation material as well as by insect vectors. FDP is only reported in Europe. Within Europe it is present in Serbia, in Switzerland and in 10 out of 21 countries of the grapevine producing EU countries. Besides grapevine, FDP is also commonly found in other hosts such as Ailanthus, Alnus and Clematis. FDP is included in the annexes II/A/II and II/B of the Council Directive 2000/29/EC. Grapevine, the main host plant, is included into annexes III, IV and V of the Directive 2000/29/EC. FDP is not expected to be affected by EU ecoclimatic conditions wherever its hosts are present and has the potential to establish largely within the EU territory. The specific leafhopper vector of FDP, Scaphoideus titanus, is an invasive insect that was introduced in Europe. It is only in areas where FDP and Scaphoideus titanus are associated that the direct and indirect impacts are considered to be high: yield reduction, death of grapevine plants, costs for disease and vector management procedures. Additional insect vectors are known, but are not directly associated with FDP epidemics. A major outcome of this pest categorisation has been to emphasise the role of S. titanus. Uncertainty lies mostly in the knowledge on specific FDP strain transmissibility, susceptibility of specific grapevine varieties and distribution in alternate hosts. It is not fully known how far the invasive vector insect S. titanus is still enlarging its distribution within the risk assessment area.

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Propagation of Flavescence dorée MLO (Mycoplasma-like Organism) in the Leafhopper Vector Euscelidius variegatus Kbm

Cited by 68 publications

References 0 publications

A Novel Bacteroidetes Symbiont Is Localized in Scaphoideus titanus , the Insect Vector of Flavescence Dorée in Vitis vinifera

A Novel Bacteroidetes Symbiont Is Localized in Scaphoideus titanus , the Insect Vector of Flavescence Dorée in Vitis vinifera

Evaluación del color y la posición de trampas en la captura de cicadélidos en Gaultheria phillyreifolia (Ericaceae) afectadas por fitoplasmas

Scientific Opinion on pest categorisation of Grapevine Flavescence dorée

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