Promotion of Osseointegration Using a Titanium Oxide Nanotube Modified Biomimetic Nano-Structured Multi-Layer Implant

Abstract

Objective: Construction of a novel biomimetic nano-structured multi-layer interface implant to induce osseointegration. Methods: Spark plasma sintering was used to create micron-scale trabecular bone biomimicry structures, surface modification with TiO2 nanotubes, and micron-scale trabecular bone biomimicry/TiO2 nanotubes from pure titanium samples. The structure of the modified surface. Four groups (A, B, C, and D) of 40 female SD rats were randomly divided into each of the four groups and implanted with titanium, trabecular bone biomimetic titanium, TiO2 nanotube surface modified titanium, and micron trabecular bone biomimetic/TiO2 nanotube surface modified trabecular titanium. Results: The proximal tibia and titanium implants underwent histological, micro-CT, and biomechanical testing after 12 weeks. Conclusions: The best osseointegration was shown in Group D, which had the greatest osseointegration rate, relative bone volume, and total bone volume, as well as greater trabecular bone-related measures. It was also shown that group D had the highest maximum pushing force and critical shear strength compared to the other three groups. Conclusion: Ultimately, the biomimetic nano-structured multi-layer implant improves the osseointegration of titanium implants, making it a suitable material for use in clinical therapy.