Promising Techniques in the Assessment of Mild Head Injury

Packard, Russell C.; Ham, Lesley P.

doi:10.1055/s-2008-1041062

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Attempts at using electrophysiology as a diagnostic tool in cases of mild head injury have produced mixed results and have led a number of authors to question the utility of such an approach (Binder, 1986; Schönhuber & Gentilini, 1989; Young & Silberstein, 1994). However, recent reviews by Packard and Ham (1994) on the diagnostic utility of EEG and ERP measures in mild head injury and by Campbell and de Lugt (1995) on the diagnostic utility of longer latency ERP measures in severe head injury suggests that some significant progress is being made in this field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 summarizes the main findings of studies using electrophysiological measures to assess the effects of head injury on brain function. Studies using brainstem auditory evoked potentials as an indication of possible damage to subcortical structures report incidences of abnormalities ranging from 0–50% (median 15%) (see Packard & Ham, 1994; Young & Silberstein, 1994, for reviews). More evidence of abnormal brainstem potentials is found in the first few days after injury, but most important, no clear relationships have been identified between either symptoms at time of testing or the occurrence of persistent symptoms…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Mild Head Injury with ERPs and Neuropsychological Tasks

Potter

Barrett²

1999

Journal of Psychophysiology

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Mild head injury can result in the development of persistent symptoms including impairments of memory and attention in a small but significant minority. The problem in assessing these difficulties in such cases is the likely interaction of psychogenic and organic causes. The aim of the present research is to more accurately characterize the nature of these cognitive deficits. Twelve asymptomatic volunteers, who had experienced a mild head injury in the last 3.5 years, were compared to a matched control group. ERPs were recorded during the performance of the paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT) and a 3-stimulus auditory “oddball” task. Verbal paired associate. Trails A and B, Digit Symbol, Rey Figure Recall, NART, and Digit Span were also administered. The mild head injured group showed evidence of a mild impairment of episodic memory, slowing of attention shifting, but no changes in reaction time or error rates in either the “oddball” task or the PASAT. Although there was no evidence of impairment of brain orienting responses in the 3-stimulus auditory oddball task, there was evidence of reduced frontal negativity associated with changes in task demand in the PASAT. This particular ERP feature appears similar to those associated with activation of selective attention mechanisms, thus suggesting that these asymptomatic individuals may be showing signs of a mild impairment of allocation of attention resources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Mild Head Injury with ERPs and Neuropsychological Tasks

Potter

Barrett²

1999

Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…This method has been validated as affording an objective finding of MTBI in subjects who have a history of trauma, often when other findings are absent. [3][4][5] In the Thatcher discriminant analysis study, subjects from the ages of 15 to 65 who had recent mild traumatic brain injuries, defined as a Glasgow Coma Scale 6 score of 13-15 at the time of the injury, were identified as the MTBI group. Using comparisons of complex demodulation analysis of coherence, phase, and amplitude across 19 International 10-20 EEG sites and four bandwidths, Thatcher et al compared the known MTBI population and a normal population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Findings of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Combat Veterans With PTSD and a History of Blast Concussion

Trudeau¹,

Anderson²,

Hansen³

et al. 1998

JNP

161

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Veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder were evaluated for a history of blast concussion, controlling for confounding conditions. Electroencephalograms were analyzed by discriminant function for traumatic brain injury. A difference was found in discriminant scores between veterans with and without blast concussion. More members of the blast group had attentional symptoms and attentional dysfunction. Combat veterans with a remote history of blast injury have persistent electroencephalographic features of traumatic brain injury as well as attentional problems. The authors hypothesize that these constitute a type of chronic postconcussive syndrome that has cognitive and mood symptoms overlapping those of posttraumatic stress disorder.

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“…The CHI usually results from rapid acceleration and/or deceleration trauma (Alexander, 1995) and while post-traumatic symptoms (PTS) are usually reported when a mild head injury (MHI) occurs, standard neurological assessments such as the MRI and CAT scan most often show little or no damage. Fatal cases reveal microscopic changes (axonal fractures) which are assumed to underlie the post-traumatic symptoms seen in surviving patients (Alexander, 1995;Packard & Ham, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Packard and Ham (1994) reported that for many individuals with MHI, the PTS are often more intense than for individuals diagnosed with a severe head injury. Oddy, Humphrey, and Uttley (1978) noted that when a MHI exists, de-…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%