Promising cultivars and intraspecific taxa of lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.): Profiling of phenolics and triterpenoids

Comprehensive phytochemical analysis of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) from different regions of China and their potential antioxidant and antiproliferative activities

“…The MS conditions were set as follows: positive and negative ion switch mode, scanning range: m/z 80-1200; curtain gas (CUR): 40 psi; the temperature of the ion source (TEM): 550 °C or 600 °C and voltage of the ion source (IS): −3000 V or 3800 V in negative or positive modes, respectively; rst order scanning: declustering potential (DP): 130 V; collision voltage (CE): 10 V; second order scanning: Q-Exactive Orbitrap Product Ion mode was used to collect MS data, collision energy (CE) was 20, 40 and 60 V. 12 Thermo Compound Discoverer™ 3.0 soware (Thermo Fisher Science) was used to process raw data from 54 lingonberry fruit, leaf and stem proles (27 samples and their replicates) analysed by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS. The specic parameters were set as follows: the RT alignment was set to 2 min and the m/z tolerance was set to 5 ppm; the signal-tonoise ratio (S/N) for feature detection was set to 3; the intensity threshold of the target peak was set to 1 000 000; and the additive ions were set to…”

“…The MS conditions were set as follows: positive and negative ion switch mode, scanning range: m / z 80–1200; curtain gas (CUR): 40 psi; the temperature of the ion source (TEM): 550 °C or 600 °C and voltage of the ion source (IS): −3000 V or 3800 V in negative or positive modes, respectively; first order scanning: declustering potential (DP): 130 V; collision voltage (CE): 10 V; second order scanning: Q-Exactive Orbitrap Product Ion mode was used to collect MS data, collision energy (CE) was 20, 40 and 60 V. 12 …”

“…11 It has been shown that different parts of the lingonberry (fruit, leaves, and stems) are used for other purposes based on varying chemical contents. 12 Lingonberry leaves are used as an important raw material for making tea, as they contain high levels of polyphenols and possess strong antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. 13 Compared to other parts of the plant, the fruit of the lingonberry has a higher accumulation of triterpenoid constituents.…”

“…14 However, current studies mainly focus on individual parts of lingonberries such as fruits, leaves or are reported for a separate group of components, 3,11 polyphenols, avonoids and triterpenes. 8,12 In addition, metabolites in plants are inuenced by a number of factors such as genotype, environmental conditions and geographical location.…”

“…They can be considered as a dietary source rich in naturally occurring bioactives. 12 Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the types of functional agents present in different parts of lingonberry. Analyzing the content and efficacy of these components is crucial for both application and assessment of biosafety in functional foods.…”