Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples

Wu, Yongjian; Guo, Cheng; Tang, Lantian; Hong, Zhongsi; Zhou, Jianhui; Xiao, Dong; Yin, Huan; Xiao, Qiang; Tang, Yanping; Qu, Xiujuan; Kuang, Liangjian; Fang, Xiaomin; Mishra, Nischay; Lu, Jiahai; Song, Hong; Jiang, Guanmin; Huang, Xi

doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(20)30083-2

Cited by 1,469 publications

(1,496 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Fig. 2a and b showing sampling dates, the number of cases and the potential detection windows (28 days) of SARS-CoV-2 for wastewater samples in the two PHNs (Wu et al, 2020c). Sampling personnel wore face standard personal protective equipment (PPE) for wastewater sampling, such as long pants, steel capped boots, hard hats, safety glasses and gloves.…”

Section: Wastewater Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

First confirmed detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewater in Australia: A proof of concept for the wastewater surveillance of COVID-19 in the community

Ahmed

Angel

Edson

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

1,495

1,630

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Journal Pre-proof J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 2 ABSTRACT Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, is accompanied by the shedding of the virus in stool. Therefore, the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater affords the ability to monitor the prevalence of infections amongst the population via wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). In the current work, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was concentrated from wastewater in a catchment in Australia and viral RNA copies were enumerated using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) resulting in two positive detections within a six day period from the same wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The estimated RNA copy numbers observed in the wastewater were then used to estimate the number of infected individuals in the catchment via Monte Carlo simulation. Given the uncertainty and variation in the input parameters, the model estimated a median range of 171 to 1,090 infected persons in the catchment, which is in reasonable agreement with clinical observations. This work highlights the viability of WBE for monitoring infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, in communities. The work also draws attention to the need for further methodological and molecular assay validation for enveloped viruses in wastewater.Journal Pre-proof de Roda Husman, 2020;Medema et al., 2020;Wu et al., 2020). Here, we report the first evidence for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater in Australia. Our preliminary findings demonstrate the applicability of WBE for COVID-19 surveillance as a potential tool for public health monitoring at the community level. Journal Pre-proof conditions ranging from 3 × 20 s at 8,000 rpm at a 10 s interval. From here on RNA was extracted using RNeasy Power Microbiome kit as per manufacturer's instruction. Method B began with centrifugation of wastewater samples (100-200 mL) at 4,750 g for 30 mins. Supernatant was then removed carefully without disturbing the pellet and Journal Pre-proof 4 /reaction) of Oncorhynchus keta (O. keta) was added in the DNAse and RNAse free water and the Cq value obtained acted as a reference point. If the Cq value of a wastewater sample increases compared to the reference Cq value, the sample is considered to have PCR inhibitors. Wastewater samples with a 2-Cq (quantification cycle) delay was considered to have RT-qPCR inhibition (Staley et al., 2012). All RNA samples were Journal Pre-proof average quality of 15 (SLIDINGWINDOW:4:15). Reads were cropped to 120bp (CROP:120), with any less than 120bp in length discarded (MINLEN:120). Overlapping forward and reverse reads were merged using bbmerge from the BBMap suite (ver. 38.41, https://sourceforge.net/projects/bbmap/). Quality-controlled, merged reads were then mapped Journal Pre-proof describing it, through the model 10,000 times. For each estimate of infected persons, the corresponding prevalence was calculated by dividing the number of persons infected by the number of persons in the catchment. Sensitivity of the estimated number o...

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Section: Wastewater Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

First confirmed detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewater in Australia: A proof of concept for the wastewater surveillance of COVID-19 in the community

Ahmed

Angel

Edson

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

1,495

1,630

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“…Another issue of potential significance, is the extended duration of viral shedding in faeces. In one study, it was observed that for over half of patients, faecal samples remained positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA for a mean of 11.2 days after viral clearance in respiratory tract samples [50]. According to current guidance, the decision to discharge hospitalized COVID-19 patients is based on negative results of RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 from at least two sequential respiratory tract specimens collected !24 h apart [51].…”

Section: Covid-19 and The Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to current guidance, the decision to discharge hospitalized COVID-19 patients is based on negative results of RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 from at least two sequential respiratory tract specimens collected !24 h apart [51]. Therefore, routine stool sample testing with RT-PCR could be added and transmission-based precautions should be continued if faecal samples test positive [50].…”

Section: Covid-19 and The Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic and gastrointestinal involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): What do we know till now?

Musa

2020

Arab Journal of Gastroenterology

139

176

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“…Computed tomography manifestations are important when inspected for patterns over time [15]. A study showed no evidence that tumour necrosis factor-α inhibition increased the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks [16].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutated COVID-19 may foretell a great risk for mankind in the future

Dawood

2020

New Microbes and New Infections

146

118

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Coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a zoonotic virus causing a variety of severe respiratory diseases. SARS-CoV-2 is closest to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in structure. The high prevalence of COVID-19 is a result of a lack of symptoms at onset. Our study aimed to present an overview of the virus in terms of structure, epidemiology, symptoms, treatment and prevention. Whole genome sequences and some viral proteins were investigated to determine gaps and changes in alternation of nucleotides and amino acid sequences. We evaluate 11 complete genome sequences of different coronaviruses using BAST and MAFFT software. We also selected seven types of structural proteins. We conclude that COVID-19 might produce new mutations, specifically in glycoproteins, so caution and complete preparation by health authorities is required.

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Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples

Abstract: Rigidity of the outer shell predicted by a protein intrinsic disorder model sheds light on the COVID-19 (Wuhan-2019-nCoV) infectivity.

Cited by 1,469 publications

References 4 publications

First confirmed detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewater in Australia: A proof of concept for the wastewater surveillance of COVID-19 in the community

First confirmed detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewater in Australia: A proof of concept for the wastewater surveillance of COVID-19 in the community

Hepatic and gastrointestinal involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): What do we know till now?

Mutated COVID-19 may foretell a great risk for mankind in the future

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