Prolonged nearwork affects the ciliary muscle morphology

Wagner, Sandra; Schaeffel, Frank; Zrenner, Eberhart; Straßer, Torsten

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2019.107741

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The magnitude of NITM reported ranged between 0.2 and 0.6 D. The decay time range reported was between 6.07 and 68.2 s, and can be induced following range times of 3 to 60 min of relatively close (a range of 0.12 to 0.25 m) near work. In addition, myopes are more susceptible to the near work after effect than hypermetropes [ 24 ] and emmetropes [ 28 ]. In fact, some authors reported pseudomyopia associated with excessive near work [ 12 , 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, an accommodative spasm is a condition which occurs from excessive parasympathetic stimulation of the eye causing pseudomyopia due to ciliary muscle spasms [ 25 ]. In fact, other authors suggested exploring the possible impact of sympathetic innervation during intense near work [ 28 ]. In some cases, an accommodative spasm is associated with miosis and excessive convergence of the near reflex [ 17 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pseudomyopia: A Review

García-Montero

Felipe-Marquez

Arriola‐Villalobos

et al. 2022

Vision

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This review has identified evidence about pseudomyopia as the result of an increase in ocular refractive power due to an overstimulation of the eye’s accommodative mechanism. It cannot be confused with the term “secondary myopia”, which includes transient myopic shifts caused by lenticular refractive index changes and myopia associated with systemic syndromes. The aim was to synthesize the literature on qualitative evidence about pseudomyopia in terms that clarify its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, assessment and diagnosis and treatment. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed and the Scopus database was carried out for articles published up to November 2021, without a data limit. This review was reported following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 54 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The terms pseudomyopia and accommodation spasm have been found in most of the studies reviewed. The review has warned that although there is agreement on the assessment and diagnosis of the condition, there is no consensus on its management, and the literature describes a range of treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomyopia: A Review

García-Montero

Felipe-Marquez

Arriola‐Villalobos

et al. 2022

Vision

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“…The analysis of the changes of the CMT profiles revealed an unexpected thinning of the muscle after the nearwork task in both refractive groups. However, only myopes showed a sustained relative myopic shift of their lens power after the prolonged close work, while it remained rather stable in emmetropes [22].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 87%

“…Images and results reported here were collected in previously published studies [20][21][22] in which CilOCT was applied. The studies followed the tenets of the declaration of Helsinki and were approved by the Institutional Review Board of the medical faculty of the University of Tuebingen (376/2017BO2).…”

Section: Application Of Ciloct In Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the application of the open-source software CilOCT for semi-automatic segmentation and analysis of the ciliary muscle in OCT images

2020

Self Cite

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Presbyopia and myopia research shows a growing interest in ciliary muscle biometry using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Until now, segmentation of the ciliary muscle is often performed manually using either custom-developed programs or image processing software. Here we present a novel software for semi-automatic segmentation of the ciliary muscle. It provides direct import of OCT images in DICOM format, a standardized procedure for segmentation, image distortion correction, the export of anatomical ciliary muscle landmarks, like ciliary muscle apex and scleral spur, as well as a continuous thickness profile of the ciliary muscle as a novel way of analysis. All processing steps are stored as XML files, fostering documentation and reproducibility of research through the possibility of replicating the analysis. Additionally, CilOCT supports batch processing for the automated analysis of large numbers of images and the respective data export to tabulated text files based on the stored XML files. CilOCT was successfully applied in several studies and their results will be summarized in this paper.

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“…The pathological reason of pseudomyopia is that the ciliary muscle can't adjust the shape of lens. Ciliary muscle is the smooth muscle and suspensory ligament around the lens, which can regulate the thickness of the lens [3] . Dibazol eye drops is a kind of smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of juvenile pseudomyopia.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Fumigation with Dibazol Eye Drops on Adolescent Moderate and Low Myopia

Yin¹

2021

ijps

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Yin et al.: Effect of Fumigation with Dibazol Eye Drops on MyopiaTo explore the clinical efficacy and safety of fumigation with Dibazol eye drops in the treatment of juvenile middle and low myopia. From January 2019 to January 2020, a total of 158 adolescent patients with moderate and low myopia were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 79 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with ultrasonic atomization fumigation of 10 times diluted Dibazol eye drops, once a day. The patients in the control group were treated with Dibazol eye drops once a day for 30 d. The uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity of the control group and the observation group were measured before and after treatment. The diopter and astigmatism of the two groups were detected by comprehensive refractometer. The therapeutic effect and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared after treatment. The total effective rate of the observation group was 75.95 %, which was significantly higher than 56.96 % of the control group (p<0.05). The uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity of the two groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment (p<0.05), and the uncorrected visual acuity of the observation group after treatment was higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). The diopter of the two groups after treatment was higher than that before treatment (p<0.05) and the diopter of the observation group after treatment was significantly better than that of the control group (p<0.05). After treatment, the astigmatism of the observation group was lower than that before treatment, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the astigmatism of the control group before and after treatment (p>0.05). After treatment, there was no significant difference in astigmatism between the observation group and the control group (p>0.05). The incidence of eye irritation in the observation group was 2.53 %, which significantly alleviated the incidence of adverse reactions (p<0.05). The total adverse reaction rate of the observation group was 6.33 %, which was significantly lower than 17.72 % of the control group (p<0.05). Compared with eye drops, atomization fumigation of Dibazol eye drops can significantly improve the uncorrected visual acuity, improve the diopter after mydriasis, and reduce the incidence of eye irritation and eye fever, which is a potential treatment for myopia.

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Prolonged nearwork affects the ciliary muscle morphology

Cited by 18 publications

References 58 publications

Pseudomyopia: A Review

Pseudomyopia: A Review

Review of the application of the open-source software CilOCT for semi-automatic segmentation and analysis of the ciliary muscle in OCT images

Effect of Fumigation with Dibazol Eye Drops on Adolescent Moderate and Low Myopia

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