Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: A proposal for diagnostic criteria

Cerero-Lapiedra, Rocío; Baladé-Martínez, David; Moreno-López, Luis-Alberto; Esparza-Gómez, Germán; Bagán, José

doi:10.4317/medoral.15.e839

Cited by 115 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In cases where it was difficult to evaluate whether the distance was within 1.5 cm due to post-operative scar formation or an irregular anatomy, the lesion was classified as a recurrent lesion. In line with the diagnostic criteria for proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) proposed by Cerero-Lapiedra et al (11), patients with multiple primary OSCC who previously had PVL were included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of multiple primary carcinomas of the oral cavity

Li¹,

Ma²,

Han³

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. The present study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics of multiple primary carcinomas of the oral cavity. The clinical records of 1,024 patients who were treated during follow-up for oral cancer at the Department of Stomatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, between March 2013 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical characteristics of 961 patients who developed single primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) during follow-up and 54 patients who subsequently developed multiple primary carcinomas in the oral cavity were compared. Multiple primary carcinomas exhibited a female predilection, were most prevalent in the gingiva, and tended to show earlier tumor and nodal stages, as compared with single primary carcinomas. The local recurrence rate was higher for multiple primary carcinomas, as compared with single primary carcinomas, and was demonstrated to increase with the number of multiple primary occurrences. The cumulative incidence rates for metachronous second primary carcinomas following the onset of the first carcinoma at 10 years was 8.0%. Recurrence of multiple primary carcinomas did not decrease the survival rates of the patients assessed in the present study. Furthermore, differences were detected in the clinical characteristics between patients with single oral SCC and those with multiple primary oral carcinomas. The results of the present study indicated that early diagnosis and treatment and close long-term follow-up are required for patients with multiple primary oral carcinomas.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of multiple primary carcinomas of the oral cavity

Li¹,

Ma²,

Han³

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…Hematoxylin and eosin stained slides from the resection specimens, as well as any prior biopsy specimens, were reviewed for classification. Patients meeting criteria for proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (based on clinical and pathologic features described in the literature) were excluded [11,12]. Treatment and follow up information were gathered from the electronic medical The following criteria were used to classify tumors into Categories A, B, or C. Category A were pure VC cases showing the characteristic histopathologic features, such as thick, inward growing ribbons and nests with large epithelial cells having abundant glassy, eosinophilic cytoplasm, hyperkeratosis, broad pushing rete with or without chronic inflammation at the epithelial-stromal junction, and smooth stromal interface (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verrucous Carcinoma with Dysplasia or Minimal Invasion: A Variant of Verrucous Carcinoma with Extremely Favorable Prognosis

Patel

Chernock

Sinha

et al. 2014

Head and Neck Pathol

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Verrucous carcinomas (VC) recur locally but do not metastasize in the absence of an invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) component. Although excluded from the definition of pure VC, some tumors harbor only dysplasia or minimal invasion, findings of unknown clinical significance. Surgically resected VC cases from two institutions were collected and categorized into three types: VC, VC with dysplasia or minimal invasion (VCDMI), defined as SCC less than or equal to 2 mm in depth, and SCC arising in VC (SCC-VC) where the SCC was greater than 2 mm in depth. Cases were also matched with conventional SCC based on location and T and N-stages, and clinical follow up was obtained. Of the 58 total cases, 18 were VC, 26 VCDMI, and 14 SCC-VC. Only 1 of 18 (5.6 %) VC and 5 of 26 (19.2 %) VCDMI cases recurred locally (p = 0.37) versus 7 of 14 (50 %) SCC-VC (p = 0.01). All VC and VCDMI cases were node negative at presentation whereas SCC-VC had nodal metastases in 2 of 14 (14.3 %) cases. No patients with VC or VCDMI died from disease, whereas 5 of 14 (35.7 %) patients with SCC-VC died from disease. T-stage matched conventional SCC cases from institutional databases had worse outcomes than VC and VCDMI, but not after they were matched for both T and N-stages. Our findings suggest that dysplasia and/or minimal invasive SCC do not adversely affect outcomes in tumors otherwise showing diagnostic features of VC.

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“…5,8 Recent studies have demonstrated that the inclusion of benign alveolar ridge keratosis as a type of OL causes a deviation in the reported percentage of malignant transformation. However, when benign alveolar ridge keratosis is excluded from the OL group, the frequency of dysplasia transforming into squamous cell carcinoma increases from 18% to 25%.…”

Section: Declaration Of Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The etiology of OL is variable, and tobacco has been considered a risk factor in a large number of cases, while alcohol, as an independent risk factor, is still questionable. [2][3][4][5][6][7] The concept of malignant transformation of OL is quite controversial. Studies have indicated that there is a 36% chance of malignant transformation if the lesion exhibits dysplastic features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral leukoplakia manifests differently in smokers and non-smokers

et al. 2012

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Oral leukoplakias (OL) are potentially malignant lesions that are typically white in color. Smoking is considered a risk factor for developing OL, and dysplastic lesions are more prone to malignant transformation. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features observed in dysplastic and non-dysplastic OL in both smokers and nonsmokers. A total of 315 cases of OL were retrieved and separated into either dysplastic or non-dysplastic lesions, and these cases were further categorized as originating in either smokers or non-smokers. Frequencies of the type of OL lesion, with respect to whether the patients smoked, were established. The results demonstrated that 131 cases of OL were dysplastic (74 smokers and 57 non-smokers), and 184 were non-dysplastic (96 smokers and 88 non-smokers). For OL cases in smokers for which information about alcohol consumption was also available (84 cases), the results revealed no significant difference in the amount of dysplastic and non-dysplastic lesions. Dysplastic lesions were more frequent in male smokers and in non-smoking females. The median age of smokers with cases of OL was significantly lower than in non-smokers; the lowest median ages were observed for female smokers with dysplastic OL. The most frequent anatomical sites of dysplastic lesions were the floor of the mouth in smokers and the tongue in non-smokers. Dysplastic lesions in smokers were significantly smaller than non-dysplastic lesions in non-smokers. Being a male smoker, being female, being younger, and having smaller lesions were associated with dysplastic features in OL. These clinical data may be important for predicting OL malignant transformation.

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Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: A proposal for diagnostic criteria

Cited by 115 publications

References 32 publications

Clinical features of multiple primary carcinomas of the oral cavity

Clinical features of multiple primary carcinomas of the oral cavity

Verrucous Carcinoma with Dysplasia or Minimal Invasion: A Variant of Verrucous Carcinoma with Extremely Favorable Prognosis

Oral leukoplakia manifests differently in smokers and non-smokers

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