Prolactin and fetal osmoregulation: water transport across isolated human amnion

Leontic, E; Tyson, John E.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1977.232.3.r124

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Osmoregulatory effect of prolactin have also been found in the chick embryo (Doneen and Smith 1982 ;Murphy et al 1986), and in the transport of water across the human amnion (Leontic and Tyson 1977 ;Leontic et al 1979). The increased speed of embryonic development with prolactin reported here may be related to the same osmoregulatory effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Reports on the role of prolactin during early embryonic development are rare but since it is known that prolactin is secreted from the endometrium (Maslar and Riddick 1979), it is reasonable to postulate the presence of a direct action on the embryo which may influence its development. Since prolactin has an osmoregulatory function in the amniotic fluid (Leontic and Tyson 1977), it may have a similar action on the early stage of the mammalian embryo, which would be indicated by changes in the rate of development in the presence of prolactin. This report deals with the in vitro effects of prolactin doses on mouse embryos.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Improvement of mouse embryo development in vitro by prolactin.

Yohkaichiya

Fukaya

Hoshiai

et al. 1988

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of mouse embryo development in vitro by prolactin.

Yohkaichiya

Fukaya

Hoshiai

et al. 1988

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…The PRL used for these studies is known to be contaminated with minimal amounts of AVP; however Leontic and Tyson (7) have shown that AVP in concentrations far exceeding those contaminating ovine PRL preparations does not affect water transport (6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovine Fetal-Maternal Water Transfer is Independent of Fetal Prolactin Levels

Ross

et al. 1985

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. To examine the effect of prolactin (PRL) on transplacental water flow, we infused mannitol (500 ml; 20% solution) over 10 min into five chronically catheterized ewes (121-134 days' gestation), producing a peak maternal plasma osmolality by 10 min and fetal osmolality by 20 min. One day before or after, an identical amount of mannitol was infused into the same ewe during the 2nd h of a 2-h infusion of PRL (40 + 2.2 pg/h) into a fetal leg vein. Mean (2 SE) fetal plasma PRL levels were 6.9 + 3.2 ng/ml at baseline. Steady state fetal PRL levels were 17.7 2 7.4 ng/ml during PRL infusion. Maternal mannitol infused without administration of PRL to the fetus evoked a rise in fetal plasma osmolality similar to that following maternal mannitol during PRL administration to the fetus. Thus,.as shown previously, PRL affects water permeability across the membranous chorioamnion, whereas results of the present study indicate that the hormone does not affect water transfer across the ovine chorionic villi (placenta). 19: 986-988, 1985) Abbreviations AF, amniotic fluid PRL, prolactin AVP, arginine vasopressin (Pediatr ResThe importance of PRL in osmoregulation in fish and some mammals is well recognized. In these species PRL appears to act on several sites of hydromineral exchange including the fish gill, bladder, intestinal mucosa, and avian salt gland. Several recent studies also suggest that PRL plays a role in mammalian water homeostasis during pregnancy (1-1 1). PRL is found in high concentrations in human amniotic fluid (approximately 400 ng/ ml at term) although its function remains unclear. In pregnant women plasma PRL concentrations increase throughout gestation, with a return to basal levels by one week following delivery (I). PRL levels in human fetal plasma are relatively low before 25 wk but increase rapidly in the 3rd trimester; the mean value at term approximates 200 ng/ml (9). In comparison to human AF levels, PRL levels are low in ovine amniotic fluid throughout gestation (approximately 10 ng/ml). PRL is present in ovine fetal blood in increasing concentrations from 90 days gestation with a sharp increase after 1 10 days gestation; at term the mean value has been reported to approximate 35 ng/ml(8,9). Thus, although there are quantitative differences, the ontogenic pattern for ovine fetal plasma PRL is similar to that of the human fetus.PRL has been identified as one of the hormones affecting AF water dynamics. In vitro studies by Leontic and Tyson (6), Holt and Perks (2), and Manku et al. (3) have shown that PRL affects diffusional water transfer across the isolated amniotic membrane, although the direction of this hormonally influenced water transfer may differ from species to species. Additionally, we have shown in vivo that elevated ovine AF PRL levels diminish bulk flow of water across the chorioamnion from the amniotic fluid to maternal circulation in response to acute changes in maternal osmolality (1 1). Also we have shown that following maternal mannitol infusion, fetal to maternal water tr...

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“…There are structural similarities between the choroid plexus and the amniotic mem brane [10], Prolactin stimulates fluid trans port across the amniotic membrane [11,13], while cortisol inhibitis it [13], Cortisol also reduces CSF production [10], There are no studies which specifically examine the effects of prolactin on CSF production. It is possible that part of the increased brain water in treated animals is due to an increase in CSF production mediated by prolactin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differing Effects of Prolactin on the Water Content of Individual Tissues in the Rabbit Pup at 72 h of Age

Coulter¹

1984

Neonatology

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We treated neonatal rabbits from birth with exogenous prolactin or the prolactin secretagogue fluphenazine. We compared the hydration at 72 h of skeletal muscle, skin, liver, and brain to that of untreated controls. Treatment did not change the water content of liver. It increased the water content of skeletal muscle, skin, and brain. However, the response to treatment differed among these tissues. In skin and skeletal muscle, the effect of treatment was most apparent in animals whose postnatal weight gain was relatively large. In contrast, treatment increased brain water content in all animals regardless of weight gain. We conclude that much of the early postnatal decrease in skin and skeletal muscle water is due to mobilization of the neonatal tissue water reservoir, and that prolactin appears to regulate that process. Changes in brain water between birth and 72 h of age appear to result from loss of reservoir water and possibly of cerebrospinal fluid offset in part by water accretion due to tissue growth.

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Prolactin and fetal osmoregulation: water transport across isolated human amnion

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Improvement of mouse embryo development in vitro by prolactin.

Improvement of mouse embryo development in vitro by prolactin.

Ovine Fetal-Maternal Water Transfer is Independent of Fetal Prolactin Levels

Differing Effects of Prolactin on the Water Content of Individual Tissues in the Rabbit Pup at 72 h of Age

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