Projective Methodologies

Gleser, Goldine C.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.14.020163.002135

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, as Gleser (1963) has pointed out, the reliabilities which are found in protective tests are considerably lower than those of objective tests. If one considers the KTSA as an objective test it fairs poorly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Interscorer reliability and the KTSA.

Anderson¹,

Clack²

1966

Canadian Psychologist / Psychologie canadienne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Interscorer reliability and the KTSA.

Anderson¹,

Clack²

1966

Canadian Psychologist / Psychologie canadienne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Whereas in adult assessment, projective techniques lost their predominant position over the last decades [126][127][128][129], they are in second position in child and adolescent outpatient clinics after intelligence testing [130]. Moreover, the discussion about the psychometric properties of projective tests is unsolved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Draw, Write, Speak, Play: The Role of Projection in Diagnosis and Therapy of Children and Adolescents

Maurer¹

2017

Child and Adolescent Mental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this chapter, I will (1) review the concept and function of projective mechanisms on a psychodynamic basis. In this section, I will outline the relation of projection to the unconscious, its use in innerpsychic dynamics, and the underlying mechanisms for its use in psychotherapy like creativity, imagination, and symbolization; (2) give an overview over the use of projective methods for testing and diagnosis in the psychological sciences; and (3) exemplify the use of projective methods in diagnostics and psychotherapy of children and adolescents. I will present current methods based on drawing, verbally describing and imaginating, and playing arts, focusing on sand play therapy and miniature figure play.Keywords: projective methodology, object relation theory, sandplay therapy, figure play, operationalized psychodynamic diagnostics in children and adolescents (OPD-CA-2), thematic apperception tests, narrative1. Concept and function of projective mechanisms 1.1. The relation of projections to the unconscious The Latin word "proiectus" means "to throw forth," or "to cast forward," and with regard to psychological sciences, several definitions have been provided. First of all, Sigmund Freud [1] described the "classical" projection as defense mechanism when the ego is threatened and refuses to acknowledge the trait, it attributes the trait to the outside world [2]. Later on, Freud broadened his view of projective mechanisms and refers the term projection to a general primitive mechanism, not only a defense mechanism, implying that projection may also be present when there is no conflict [3].In this sense, the attributive projection can be understood as "ascribing one's own motivations, feelings, and behavior to other persons" [2]. This definition seems to be the most common, but © 2017 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. also the most (over-)simplified one. There seem to be no relations to psychoanalytical concepts of the self, or the unconscious. Most authors use this term to describe "any kind of externalization" [2] with a correlation between characteristics of the proband and predictions or statements issued. The attributive projection is mostly similar what Horney called the "naïve" projection, which means that the subject assumes that others think, feel and behave in the same way as oneself [4]. Today, this view can be integrated into the concept of mentalization.In a third view, Murstein introduced the autistic projection as "perceived aspects of another person which are modified to accomplish own needs [2]."In the fourth mode of rationalized projection, the process of projection lies in the unconscious, but the projector is conscious of his/her behavior. In this context, the rationalized projection can be understood as "defence against guilt [2]," ...

show abstract

“…Additionally, hundreds of case studies were analyzed blindly to illustrate the power of the Rorschach to understand personality problems and psychiatric conditions. Finally, many modifications, innovations, and supplementary techniques were introduced: the Inspection Rorschach, the Group Rorschach, the Multiple-Choice Rorschach, the Objective Rorschach, Baughman's Paired Comparison Method, and methods for integrating the Rorschach with the therapy process, All these developments, including critical evaluations, have been amply documented in annual reviews (Fisher, 1967;Gleser, 1963;Margaret, 1952) and in many critical surveys (Exner, 1969;Goldfried, Stricker, & Weiner, 1971;Hertz, 1942Hertz, , 1952Hertz, , 1963Hertz, , 1970.…”

Section: Early Oppositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rorschachbound: A 50-Year Memoir

Hertz

1986

Journal of Personality Assessment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Journal of Personality Assessment evokes memories of years past when I participated in its birth. Therefore, in recording what I consider significant events in Rorschach's stormy history, I am placing them within an autobiographical framework. Originally introduced into America by David Levy in the early 1920s, the Rorschach attracted students from many disciplines who revolted against the "trait" psychology that pervaded the psychological scene at the time. For 30 years, we accepted Rorschach enthusiastically as a global method that could study the human personality as a whole and in depth. In the late 1960s, we were challenged because of repeated failures in validating research. Interest declined in its development and application. Since 1970, however, it has emerged with more strength and vigor on firmer theoretical foundations and sounder methodology. Although the method is one of the most frequently required, requested, needed, recommended, and used in many clinical settings, it is still challenged today, chiefly because of overemphasis on the nomothetic approaches in research and failure to consider interactions between personality dynamics, behavior, and situational and sociocultural variables. Those of us whose lives have long been entwined with the history of the Rorschach should step back from the contemporary canvas and contemplate the future of our method, t suggest that we develop alternative conceptual models and greater diversity of research methods and modes of thought. The Journal of Personality Assessment can enhance the future of the Rorschach by giving greater prominence to clinically oriented research, notably to the idiographic and interactional aspects of the method. In so doing, the journal can help the Rorschach reach its real goal of complete scientific validity.

show abstract

Projective Methodologies

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

Interscorer reliability and the KTSA.

Interscorer reliability and the KTSA.

Draw, Write, Speak, Play: The Role of Projection in Diagnosis and Therapy of Children and Adolescents

Rorschachbound: A 50-Year Memoir

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About