Projections of Heat Waves Events in the Intra-Americas Region Using Multimodel Ensemble

Angeles-Malaspina, Moises; González-Cruz, Jorge E.; Ramirez-Beltran, Nazario D.

doi:10.1155/2018/7827984

Cited by 18 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…Piticar 42 reported similar results for several Chilean locations since 1961. In general, observations agree with model simulations pointing toward an increase in the number of HWs by 2100 in northern SA 43 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Observations and Projections of Heat Waves in South America

Féron

Cordero

Damiani

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Although Heat Waves (HWs) are expected to increase due to global warming, they are a regional phenomenon that demands for local analyses. In this paper, we assess four HW metrics (HW duration, HW frequency, HW amplitude, and number of HWs per season) as well as the share of extremely warm days (TX95, according to the 95th percentile) in South America (SA). Our analysis included observations as well as simulations from global and regional models. In particular, Regional Climate Models (RCMs) from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), and Global Climate Models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) were used to project both TX95 estimates and HW metrics according to two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). We found that in recent decades the share of extremely warm days has at least doubled over the period December–January–February (DJF) in northern SA; less significant increases have been observed in southern SA. We also found that by midcentury, under the RCP4.5 scenario, extremely warm DJF days (as well as the number of HWs per season) are expected to increase by 5–10 times at locations close to the Equator and in the Atacama Desert. Increases are expected to be less pronounced in southern SA. Projections under the RCP8.5 scenario are more striking, particularly in tropical areas where half or more of the days could be extremely warm by midcentury.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Observations and Projections of Heat Waves in South America

Féron

Cordero

Damiani

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…With a decline in average long-term precipitation, a severe decrease in groundwater storage occurs [259], increasing future pressures on water resources. Other projected impacts of climate change include an increase in the frequency of heatwaves [260], rainforest biomass changes [261], and ocean acidification, which will impact mangrove forests, corals, and cause a disruption in the trophic chain [262].…”

Section: Projected Impacts Of Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Perspectives in the Intra–Americas Seas

et al. 2020

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The Intra–Americas Seas region is known for its relevance to air–sea interaction processes, the contrast between large water masses and a relatively small continental area, and the occurrence of extreme events. The differing weather systems and the influence of variability at different spatio–temporal scales is a characteristic feature of the region. The impact of hydro–meteorological extreme events has played a huge importance for regional livelihood, having a mostly negative impact on socioeconomics. The frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events and droughts are often discussed in terms of their impact on economic activities and access to water. Furthermore, future climate projections suggest that warming scenarios are likely to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme events, which poses a major threat to vulnerable communities. In a region where the economy is largely dependent on agriculture and the population is exposed to the impact of extremes, understanding the climate system is key to informed policymaking and management plans. A wealth of knowledge has been published on regional weather and climate, with a majority of studies focusing on specific components of the system. This study aims to provide an integral overview of regional weather and climate suitable for a wider community. Following the presentation of the general features of the region, a large scale is introduced outlining the main structures that affect regional climate. The most relevant climate features are briefly described, focusing on sea surface temperature, low–level circulation, and rainfall patterns. The impact of climate variability at the intra–seasonal, inter–annual, decadal, and multi–decadal scales is discussed. Climate change is considered in the regional context, based on current knowledge for natural and anthropogenic climate change. The present challenges in regional weather and climate studies have also been included in the concluding sections of this review. The overarching aim of this work is to leverage information that may be transferred efficiently to support decision–making processes and provide a solid foundation on regional weather and climate for professionals from different backgrounds.

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“…Climate change remains a concern that COVID19 will likely not dissipate. Extreme heat events remain a threat to the urban environments [6,7], and our knowledge of this excessive heat event in air quality is increasing. Figure 1 shows recent observations by City College of New York researchers of an extreme heat event and its interaction with ozone as the result of photochemical reactions.…”

Section: Covid19 Outdoor Air Quality and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Reflecting on Impacts of COVID19 on Sustainable Buildings and Cities

2021

ASME Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities

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The pandemics of COVID19 has disrupted all aspects of our lives in many ways since it was first detected in the early part of the year 2020; personal and professional lives were impacts, work places, learning environments, businesses, commerce, and industry. This complex situation that places buildings at the center of the human activity raises many questions about our state of knowledge and technology to face these extraordinary challenges presented by a global pandemics. To reflect on these complex questions and with the intention of forging a forward agenda for our scientific and engineering community, a group of colleagues organized an initial open conversation at the ASME 2020 Energy Sustainability Conference, held virtually for first time, this past month of June 2020 to reflect on specific and broad topics that included: a) impacts of COVID19 in mechanical systems for indoor environments, b) the role of COVID19 in outdoor environments, c) how CVOID19 has impacted energy demands in buildings with a global perspective, and d) what maybe the role of COVID19 in social equity. Short summaries of these reflections are given in this Editorial Note.

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Projections of Heat Waves Events in the Intra-Americas Region Using Multimodel Ensemble

Cited by 18 publications

References 55 publications

Observations and Projections of Heat Waves in South America

Observations and Projections of Heat Waves in South America

Climate Perspectives in the Intra–Americas Seas

Reflecting on Impacts of COVID19 on Sustainable Buildings and Cities

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