Projections of burden of cancers: A new approach for measuring incidence cases for India and its states – Till 2025

Prasad, Jang Bahadur; Dhar, Murali

doi:10.1016/j.jcpo.2018.04.007

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar, efforts were made earlier by others to study tobacco-related cancer, which shows similar trends. 2 The increase in cancer incidence is not only due to the rise in population but also due to the rise in life expectancy, modification in lifestyle and ineffective sustained efforts of the Indian Government to control infectious diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cancers of the mouth, which are strongly associated with smokeless tobacco use, are one of the top six causes of Cancer in India. 2,3 A case study of Myanmar indicated a clear association between oral cancer and betelquidchewing. 4 Usage of tobacco with lime was identified as a risk factor for oral cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Lung, oropharyngeal and oral cavity cancers are the most common cancer sites observed by Indian registries, and Prasad and Dhar. 2,12,13 These cancer sites are causally related to the use of tobacco in different forms. 14 In India, the use of tobacco is common in the way of chewing and smoking of bid is and cigarettes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The burden of cancer cases attributable to tobacco in India: case of Kerala and Bihar states

Prasad¹,

Kumar²,

Biradar³

2020

JCPCR

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: For effective planning and administrative purpose, a precise estimate of burden due to tobacco and projection figure is essential. There were some studies in India, reporting tobacco-related cancers. However, there is no observable study in India, especially for these backward and forward state, attempting to assess cancers due to tobacco for measuring the geographical variations. Hence, this study tried to highlights geographic variation between one from developed state is as Kerala, and another one is from not so well-developed state as Bihar in India. Materials and methods: Tobacco prevalence, the relative risk of cancer due to tobacco, incidence rates of tobacco-related cancers, and population were obtained respectively from recent five rounds of Nation Sample Survey, our recently published study, reports of Population-Based Cancer Registries, and projections of Registrar General of India. Prasad and Dhar published generalised Population Attributable Risk method (2018) was used to assess cancer due to tobacco and regression method for prediction. Results: The burden of cancer cases due to tobacco was found highest in the state of Bihar (23,679), while in Kerala, it was 5,981 in the year 2015 and increased to 42,244 and 6,646 by 2025 in Bihar and Kerala respectively. Lung cancer is the leading cancer sites followed by mouth and tongue cancers. In Kerala, the proportion of smoking is found to be high and lead to the higher proportions of larynx cancers (61percent) followed by oropharynx (59 percent) and lung cancer (58 percent) and are likely to increase from 2015 to 2025 slightly. In Bihar, around three fourth of mouth cancers cases being due to chewing followed by oesophagus (59 percent), tongue (54 percent) and so on. Conclusion: Present study reports the absolute burden of cancer due to tobacco, Tobacco-Related Cancer as well as a percent change of it for Kerala and Bihar till 2025. It might be helpful to policy planners and administrators in decision making relating to anti-tobacco measures.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The burden of cancer cases attributable to tobacco in India: case of Kerala and Bihar states

Prasad¹,

Kumar²,

Biradar³

2020

JCPCR

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, IARC suggests that lip and oral cavity, lung, stomach and colorectum are the leading cancer sites for males, Global Burden of Disease (GBD) suggests lip and oral cavity, lung, other pharynx and prostate cancer. Such inconsistencies raise concerns for cancer prevention and control in India, and more widely, it is given that India's registries are relied upon to estimate cancer incidence in other Indian states, 18 and across South Asia, including in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Myanmar (Supplementary Figure S1). 2,14,19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Registries are not only a tool for data collection, they are for action”: Cancer registration and gaps in data for health equity in six population‐based registries in India

Bhatia

Victora

Beckfield

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In India, population‐based cancer registries (PBCRs) cover less than 15% of the urban and 1% of the rural population. Our study examines practices of registration in PBCRs in India to understand efforts to include rural populations in registries and efforts to measure social inequalities in cancer incidence. We selected a purposive sample of six PBCRs in Maharashtra, Kerala, Punjab and Mizoram and conducted semistructured interviews with staff to understand approaches and challenges to cancer registration, and the sociodemographic information collected by PBCRs. We also conducted a review of peer‐reviewed literature utilizing data from PBCRs in India. Findings show that in a context of poor access to cancer diagnosis and treatment and weak death registration, PBCRs have developed additional approaches to cancer registration, including conducting village and home visits to interview cancer patients in rural areas. Challenges included PBCR funding and staff retention, abstraction of data in medical records, address verification and responding to cancer stigma and patient migration. Most PBCRs published estimates of cancer outcomes disaggregated by age, sex and geography. Data on education, marital status, mother tongue and religion were collected, but rarely reported. Two PBCRs collected information on income and occupation and none collected information on caste. Most peer‐reviewed studies using PBCR data did not publish estimates of social inequalities in cancer outcomes. Results indicate that collecting and reporting sociodemographic data collected by PBCRs is feasible. Improved PBCR coverage and data will enable India's cancer prevention and control programs to be guided by data on cancer inequities.

show abstract

“…may also increase during 2015-2025. 6 The number of tobacco attributable deaths in India in the late 1980s was also estimated to be 630,000 per year. 7 Currently, conservative estimates of tobacco attributable deaths are reported to be between 800,000 and 900,000 per year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and projection of burden of cancer due to tobacco in India till 2025

Prasad

Dhar

2020

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: For effective planning and optimum allocation of resources, accurate assessment of burden due to tobacco and its projection is essential. There are number of reports in India during last 3-4 decades, reporting tobacco related cancers (TRC). However, there is no visible study in India attempting to assess cancers due to tobacco (CDT). Objectives: To assess CDT in India and States by sex and urban/rural and project the same till 2025. Materials and methods: The basic inputs required were 1) tobacco prevalence, 2) relative risk of cancer due to tobacco, 3) incidence rates of TRCs, and, 4) population. These were obtained respectively from 1) recent five rounds of NSSO, 2) our recently published study, 3) reports of PBCRs, and, 4) projections of Registrar General of India. Our recently published method was applied to assess the CDT and regression method for projection. Results: The overall burden of CDT in India was estimated to be 169 thousands in 2015 and it was projected to around 236 thousands by 2025, an increase of nearly 39.6%. CDT accounted for nearly half of TRCs. The CDT as percentage of TRC was highest for Tripura followed by Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram and West Bengal. Detailed analysis indicated regional diversity in both CDT and TRCs. Conclusions: Present study reports absolute burden of CDT as well as the same as a percentage of TRC for India and its States till 2025. This may help policy planners and administrators in prioritizing the resources and proactive decisions pertaining to anti-tobacco measures. Non-availability of enough PBCRs to capture regional diversity may also be addressed by competent authorities.

show abstract

Projections of burden of cancers: A new approach for measuring incidence cases for India and its states – Till 2025

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

The burden of cancer cases attributable to tobacco in India: case of Kerala and Bihar states

The burden of cancer cases attributable to tobacco in India: case of Kerala and Bihar states

“Registries are not only a tool for data collection, they are for action”: Cancer registration and gaps in data for health equity in six population‐based registries in India

Assessment and projection of burden of cancer due to tobacco in India till 2025

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About