Projected response of East Asian summer monsoon system to future reductions in emissions of anthropogenic aerosols and their precursors

Wang, Zhili; Zhang, Hua; Zhang, Xiaoye

doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2912-7

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Our results clearly suggest that one pathway aerosol forcings have to affect the EASM is by changing the land-sea surface thermal contrast, as shown in previous studies (e.g., Liu et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2012;Salzmann et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015Wang et al, , 2016. However, we also emphasize the role of the EASJ, which could amplify or offset the effects of the surface thermal contrast.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Disentangling fast and slow responses of the East Asian summer monsoon to reflecting and absorbing aerosol forcings

Wang

Lin

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. We examine the roles of fast and slow responses in shaping the total equilibrium response of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) to reflecting (sulfate, SO 4 ) and absorbing (black carbon, BC) aerosol forcings over the industrial era using the Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1). Our results show that there is a clear distinction between fast and slow responses of the EASM to aerosol forcings and the slow climate response due to aerosol-induced change in sea surface temperature (SST) plays an important role in the impacts of aerosols on the EASM. The EASM is weakened by a decrease in land-sea surface thermal contrast in the fast response (FR) component to SO 4 forcing, whereas the weakening is more intensive due to the changes in tropospheric thermodynamic and dynamic structures in the slow response (SR) component to SO 4 . The total climate adjustment caused by SO 4 is a significant weakening of the EASM and a decrease in precipitation. The BC-induced fast adjustment strengthens the EASM both by increasing the local land-sea surface thermal contrast and shifting the East Asian subtropical jet (EASJ) northwards. The BC-induced slow climate adjustment, however, weakens the EASM through altering the atmospheric temperature and circulation. Consequently, the EASM is slightly enhanced, especially north of 30 • N, in the total response (TR) to BC. The spatial patterns of precipitation change over East Asia due to BC are similar in the total response and slow response.This study highlights the importance of ocean response to aerosol forcings in driving the changes of the EASM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Disentangling fast and slow responses of the East Asian summer monsoon to reflecting and absorbing aerosol forcings

Wang

Lin

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…This is because changes in climate extremes are also likely driven by changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation (Haylock and Goodness 2004; Cassou et al 2005). Wang et al (2015b) suggested that the future reduction in anthropogenic aerosol emissions would greatly enhance East Asian summer monsoon circulation and precipitation. This may also contribute to the increases in precipitation extremes over China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Thus, legislation has been introduced by governments worldwide to reduce the emissions of aerosols and their precursors and improve air quality in recent years (Cofala et al 2007;Moss et al 2010). There will be a substantial effect on future climate change due to the aerosol reduction (Rotstayn et al 2013;Wang et al 2015b). We explore the effect of reduced aerosol emissions on climate extremes over China under future scenarios by contrasting the projected results from the CESM1 ensemble simulations under the RCP8.5 and RCP8.5 with fixed aerosol emissions scenarios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerosols can affect climate extremes not only by changing the surface temperature but also by changing the vertical structure of temperature, cloud microphysics, and cloud precipitation (figures not shown). In addition, the aerosol reduction can result in a positive forcing at the top of the atmosphere and negative forcing in the atmosphere relative to the PD (Wang et al 2015b). This combination of forcings implies a stronger response of hydrological cycle to aerosol reduction relative to GHG (Rotstayn et al 2013).…”

Section: Changes In Extreme Precipitation Indicesmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The effect of future reduction in aerosol emissions on climate extremes in China

et al. 2016

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corresponding values are 1.6 ± 0.1 °C (5.3 ± 0.2 °C), 1.8 ± 0.2 °C (5.6 ± 0.2 °C), and 11.9 ± 0.9 (38.4 ± 1.0) days under the RCP8.5 scenario. Nationally averaged increases in all of those extreme precipitation indices above due to the aerosol reduction account for more than 30 % of the extreme precipitation increases under the RCP8.5 scenario. Moreover, the aerosol reduction leads to decreases in frost days and consecutive dry days averaged over China. There are great regional differences in changes of climate extremes caused by the aerosol reduction. When normalized by global mean surface temperature changes, aerosols have larger effects on temperature and precipitation extremes over China than GHG.

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“…considered to be non-hygroscopic. The coupled model has been introduced, evaluated, and used in many studies of the radiative forcings and climatic effects of aerosols (e.g., Zhang et al, 2014aZhang et al, , 2016Wang et al, 2015b;Zhao et al, 2014). Three groups of experiments were conducted (Table 1), named CLI, EL, and LA (climatological means, El Niño and La Niña), with each group including 20 members by altering initial conditions.…”

Section: Model Description and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the winter haze pollution of China

2018

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Abstract. It has been reported in previous studies that El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influenced not only the summer monsoon, but also the winter monsoon over East Asia. This contains some clues that ENSO may affect the winter haze pollution of China, which has become a serious problem in recent decades, through influencing the winter climate of East Asia. In this work, we explored the effects of ENSO on the winter (from December to February) haze pollution of China statistically and numerically. Statistical results revealed that the haze days of southern China tended to be fewer (more) than normal in El Niño (La Niña) winter, whereas the relationships between the winter haze days of northern and eastern China and ENSO were not significant. Results from numerical simulations also showed that ENSO influenced the winter atmospheric anthropogenic aerosol content over southern China more obviously than it did over northern and eastern China. Under the emission level of aerosols for the year 2010, winter atmospheric anthropogenic aerosol content over southern China was generally greater (less) than normal in El Niño (La Niña) winter. This was because the transport of aerosols from South and Southeast Asia to southern China was enhanced (weakened), which masked the better (worse) scavenging conditions for aerosols in El Niño (La Niña) winter. The frequency distribution of the simulated daily surface concentrations of aerosols over southern China indicated that the region tended to have fewer clean and moderate (heavy) haze days, but more heavy (moderate) haze days in El Niño (La Niña) winter.

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Projected response of East Asian summer monsoon system to future reductions in emissions of anthropogenic aerosols and their precursors

Cited by 29 publications

References 52 publications

Disentangling fast and slow responses of the East Asian summer monsoon to reflecting and absorbing aerosol forcings

Disentangling fast and slow responses of the East Asian summer monsoon to reflecting and absorbing aerosol forcings

The effect of future reduction in aerosol emissions on climate extremes in China

The effects of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the winter haze pollution of China

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