Projected Color Slides as a Method for Mass Screening Test for Color Vision Deficiency (A Preliminary Study)

Abstract

This article compared the efficiency of the mass screening test with projected color slides in detecting color-blindness with the authentic classic method of Ishihara. The study was conducted in a randomly selected lecture room with 104 students aged between 19-25 years (median 21). Using Ishihara projected slides, performed mass screening test. Re-testing was done individually with printed Ishihara plates. Six male and one female with color-blindness were detected. The frequency of color-blindness was 13.6% among males, with a total incidence of 6.7%. The results of two testing methods were compared statistically. Sensitivities and specificities of both tests were 100%. Using projected slides of Ishihara plates instead of the authentic method is an effective and timesaving method for detecting color-blindness. This method can be suggested as a mass-screening test and might be beneficial in detecting color-blindness in large populations such as students, soldiers, and so on.

Comparing the validity of an online Ishihara colour vision test to the traditional Ishihara handbook in a South African university population

“…The sensitivity and specificity of the online version of the Ishihara correlates with results by Gündogan et al 8 and Ganley et al 9 Although a limitation of this study is the relatively small sample size, the results of the study provide useful information for optometric practitioners and the general public on the use of online methods for screening colour deficiency. It is recommended that future research should include a larger, more representative sample, as well as consider the use of different types of monitors and the impact of lighting and screen resolution on online testing results.…”

“…Several studies have compared the Ishihara Pseudo-isochromatic plate test to modified electronic versions. Gündogan et al 8 compared the efficiency of projected colour slides in detecting colour deficiency, compared with the classic method of the Ishihara Pseudo-isochromatic plates. The authors concluded that using projected slides was an effective and timesaving method for detecting colour deficiency.…”

“…To begin the testing, the demonstration plate (plate 1) designed to be seen by all individuals was used to demonstrate to participants what may be seen. This was followed by the transformation plates (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9), where the intended image is seen by normal colour vision individuals, while a colour vision defective person sees a different image. The second set, vanishing plates (10-17), enables colour normals to see figures which those with colour deficiencies are unable to discern.…”

Toothguide Trainer tests with color vision deficiency simulation monitor

“…Computergenerated pairs of tooth-shaped patches of color in computercontrolled color monitors provide an effective way of measuring human sensitivities to tooth color differences. 29 The ability to simulate protanopy and deuteranopy for the color matching process, coupled with the computer's inherent capacity to automate data collection in an efficient and highly repeatable way, may offer a new methodology to collect data for statistical evaluation of severe CVD effects on color matching abilities.…”

Evaluation of central macula, retinal nerve fiber layer, and ganglion cell complex thickness in congenital color vision deficiency

“…The Ishihara test has a long clinical history and high sensitivity and specificity (19,20). Some studies have reported that this test is the most effective method to ascertain red-green CVD (21,22). In this study, the test plates were displayed to the individuals at a distance of 75 cm in an appropriately illuminated room.…”