Progression to Neuropsychological Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Predicted by Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA

Ellis, Ronald J.; Moore, David J.; Childers, Meredith E.; Letendre, Scott; McCutchan, J. Allen; Wolfson, Tanya; Spector, Stephen A.; Hsia, Karen; Heaton, Robert K.; Grant, Igor

doi:10.1001/archneur.59.6.923

Cited by 148 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Neuropsychological deficits and disorders are common in persons infected with HIV. When HIV enters the central nervous system, disturbances in neurocognitive functions occur and can vary, not only by disease stage, but also by disease markers such as viral loads in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), CD4 counts, the presence of opportunistic infections, as well as antiretroviral medications [6][7][8] . The central nervous system can be impacted by HIV in a number of ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Complications of HIV Disease and Substances of Abuse

Norman¹,

Kumar²

2006

American J. of Infectious Diseases

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Complications of HIV Disease and Substances of Abuse

Norman¹,

Kumar²

2006

American J. of Infectious Diseases

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“…Among patients with CD 4 + < 200 cells/µL, the viral load in the CSF correlates with the neurological alterations. However, there is no correlation between the viral load in the CSF and the viral load in the peripheral blood; after HAART there is a slower decrease in CSF viral load in comparison to blood [64,65].…”

Section: Viral Load Of Hiv In the Lcrmentioning

confidence: 95%

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the Central Nervous System

Mirza

Rathore

2012

Seminars in Pediatric Neurology

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The pandemic of HIV/AIDS continues to grow daily. Incident cases among women, intravenous drug users and ethnic minorities comprise the fastest growing segment of the HIV-infected population, and the number of HIV-infected individuals over the age of 50 is growing rapidly. Today, the central nervous system and the immune system are seen as main targets of HIV infection. Significant progress in the knowledge and treatment of AIDS has been obtained in recent years. The neurological manifestations directly related to HIV are acute viral meningitis, chronic meningitis, HIV-associated dementia (HAD), vacuolar myelopathy, and involvement of the peripheral nervous system.

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“…In patients with a CD4 count of < 200 cells/mm³, the HIV viral load in the CSF correlates positively with cognitive symptoms, but not with the peripheral blood viral load. The initiation of ARV treatment leads to a decrease in the CSF viral load, although the decrease is slower than the decrease in the blood 32,33,34 . Opportunistic infections and co-infections increase the HIV viral load in the peripheral blood.…”

Section: Hiv Viral Load In the Csfmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in the HIV infection and compartmentalization of HIV in the central nervous system

Almeida

2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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The nervous system plays an important role in HIV infection. The purpose of this review is to discuss the indications for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in HIV infection in clinical practice. CSF analysis in HIV infection is indicated for the diagnosis of opportunistic infections and co-infections, diagnosis of meningitis caused by HIV, quantification of HIV viral load, and analysis of CNS HIV compartmentalization. Although several CSF biomarkers have been investigated, none are clinically applicable. The capacity of HIV to generate genetic diversity, in association with the constitutional characteristics of the CNS, facilitates the generation of HIV quasispecies in the CNS that are distinct from HIV in the systemic circulation. CSF analysis has a well-defined and valuable role in the diagnosis of CNS infections in HIV/AIDS patients. Further research is necessary to establish a clinically applicable biomarker for the diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.

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Progression to Neuropsychological Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Predicted by Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA

Abstract: Because elevated CSF HIV RNA levels (>or=200 copies/mL) predict subsequent progression to NP impairment, monitoring of CSF viral load and therapy to reduce CSF HIV RNA levels may be clinically warranted, even if impairment is not identified at the time of lumbar puncture.

Cited by 148 publications

References 8 publications

Neuropsychological Complications of HIV Disease and Substances of Abuse

Neuropsychological Complications of HIV Disease and Substances of Abuse

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the Central Nervous System

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in the HIV infection and compartmentalization of HIV in the central nervous system

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