Progress toward durable, cost effective electrochromic window glazings

Sbar, Neil; Badding, Michael E.; Budziak, R.; Cortez, K.; Laby, L.; Michalski, Ł.; Ngo, Thien Duc; Schulz, Stephen; Urbanik, Ken

doi:10.1016/s0927-0248(98)00141-x

Cited by 74 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Generally, the apparent brightness of a room is reduced with lower lighting levels such as these. However, the 18 perception of brightness can be quite independent of the physical value of illuminance. For example, Hopkinson and Kay [36] suggested that a gloomy appearance is more likely to be due to unfavorable adaptation of the eye than to the lack of light.…”

Section: Fully-bleached Transmission (T V-b )mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application issues for large-area electrochromic windows in commercial buildings

Lee

DiBartolomeo

2002

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

152

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Section: Fully-bleached Transmission (T V-b )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid electrolyte devices switch faster than solid state due to increased ionic mobility [17]. Switching speed can also vary with the number of cycles [18,19]. Noticeable increases in switching time can be an indicator of degradation [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application issues for large-area electrochromic windows in commercial buildings

Lee

DiBartolomeo

2002

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

152

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“…13,14 Furthermore, up to now very few examples of EC devices fabricated on a single substrate have been reported in literature. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] 16,17 In particular, the properties of the solid-state ion conductor layer, such as Ta 2 O 5 films significantly affect the optical switching properties of the device, such as the switching speed, transparency, and durability. 18 On the hand, the process stability is also a key for mass production.…”

confidence: 99%

The approach of in-situ doping ion conductor fabricated with the cathodic arc plasma for all-solid-state electrochromic devices

Wang

et al. 2018

AIP Advances

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The all-solid-state electrochromic device (ECD) with the one substrate structure fabricated by the reactive dc magnetron sputtering (DCMS) and in-situ doping cathodic vacuum arc plasma (CVAP) technology has been developed. The electrochromic (EC) layer and ion conductor layer were deposited by reactive DCMS and CVAP technology, respectively. The in-situ doping ion conductor Ta2O5 deposited by the CVAP technology has provided the better material structure for ion transportation and showed about 2 times ion conductivity than the external doping process. The all-solid-state ECD with the in-situ doping CVAP ion conductor layer has demonstrated a maximum transmittance variation (ΔT) of 71% at 550 nm, and a faster switching speed. The lower production cost and higher process stability could be achieved by the application of in-situ doping CVAP technology without breaking the vacuum process. Furthermore, the ion doping process with the reuse of energy during the CVAP process is not only decreasing the process steps, but also reducing the process energy consumption.

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“…Furthermore, practical problems need to be overcome, such as long term degradation and sensitivity to environmental conditions [2][3][4]. In large area devices, non-uniform coloration-bleaching and the relatively large coloration times need to be dealt with.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic windows: Physical characteristics and environmental profile

Syrrakou

Papaefthimiou

Skarpentzos

et al. 2005

Ionics

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Abstract. We present the thermal and optical evaluation of a 40 cm x 40 cm electrochromic window prototype mounted on an Insulating Glass Unit (double glazed window with a low emittance coating). The favorable optical performance of the electrochromic part combined with the excellent thermal protection of the advanced Insulating Glass Unit provides a product suitable for energy efficient applications. The environmental evaluation of the prototype was assessed by implementing the Life Cycle Assessment methodology. Energy savings up to 5608 MJ per unit can be achieved when the electrochromic device is used in cooling dominated areas and buildings with large facades. This corresponds to cooling and heating savings of 127.1 kWh/m 2 glass per year and 94.3 MJ/m 2 glass per year respectively. The reduction in building energy needs reaches 55.7% and the energy pay back time is only 0.8 years since the embodied energy represents only 3.3% of the energy saved during its life cycle. The net greenhouse gas emissions reduction is estimated to be 630 kg CO2 equivalent, while only 0.5 years of operation are required to compensate the lifecycle emissions. Net human toxic emissions reduction can reach 358 kg 1,4-DCB equivalent, compensating its life cycle toxic emissions already from 0.25 years of operation.

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Progress toward durable, cost effective electrochromic window glazings

Cited by 74 publications

References 6 publications

Application issues for large-area electrochromic windows in commercial buildings

Application issues for large-area electrochromic windows in commercial buildings

The approach of in-situ doping ion conductor fabricated with the cathodic arc plasma for all-solid-state electrochromic devices

Electrochromic windows: Physical characteristics and environmental profile

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