Progress on upgrading methods of bio-oil: A review

Abstract

Summary Bio‐oil is a promising alternative energy source to crude oil for broad application prospects. Bio‐oil can help us avoid over‐reliance on petroleum resources and significantly reduce pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions, improve environment conditions, and protect ecological systems. However, bio‐oil applications have been impeded because of limited technologies, and poor bio‐oil quality has posed a great challenge. As such, considerable research efforts have been made for realizing its potential application value. Scientific and technical advancements on methods of bio‐oil quality improvement to date are reviewed, with an emphasis on advantages and disadvantages of each method. It also points out barriers and gives some recommendations to enhance bio‐oil combustion performance in the future. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Decision support systems for assessment of biorefinery transformation strategies

“…In the case of thermal fast pyrolysis, the vapour products are directly condensed in a quenching system comprising water and air‐cooling units; whereas, for the catalytic fast pyrolysis process, the gases are chemically upgraded in an ex‐situ reactor to decrease the oxygen content prior to condensation as crude bio‐oil. Because of lower technology maturity coupled with the high oxygen content of crude bio‐oil, as well as the prohibitive costs associated with the upgrading of crude bio‐oil in the case of thermal pyrolysis, only the bio‐oil from catalytic fast pyrolysis was selected in this study for its upgrading to biofuel.…”

The steam reforming of guaiacol for hydrogen via Ni/Al 2 O 3 : The influence of dispersion

“…Considering the water‐gas shift reaction, the overall reaction is shown in . However, the composition is very complex, which is difficult to analyze the process of catalytic reforming . Guaiacol, which used to be a simulant of bio‐oil, is one of the heavy oxygenates in bio‐oils that require high temperatures and degrade hard during reforming.…”

“…7,8 However, the composition is very complex, which is difficult to analyze the process of catalytic reforming. 9 Guaiacol, which used to be a simulant of bio-oil, is one of the heavy oxygenates in bio-oils that require high temperatures and degrade hard during reforming. Moreover, compared with acetic acid and ethanol, guaiacol is more difficult to take the catalytic reforming for H 2 .…”

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of rice husk: Influence of commercial and synthesized microporous zeolites on deoxygenation of biomass pyrolysis vapors

“…The particular structure of zeolite depends on synthesis condition synthesis gel composition, temperature, pH and also use of surface directing agents. 15,[20][21][22][23] The development in framework of shape-selective zeolites would show great potential in catalytic activity, 24 whereas there are certain challenges that need to be addressed in catalytic cracking such as the fast deactivation of the catalyst due to the deposition of coke and relatively low-organic liquid yield. This special structure of zeolites provide them with 2 special characteristics shape selectivity and acidity that are useful for required application.…”

“…The pyrolysis bio-oil cannot be directly used since it is highly unstable and has complex composition (high water and oxygen contents (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)wt% and (35-60)wt%, respectively). 8 Gaseous product has low yield and has complex process conditions of purification and separation for large-scale applications.…”