Progress in Understanding Autism: 2007–2010

Rutter, Michael

doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1184-2

Cited by 84 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…In the case of infants who are suspected to be at risk of autism, despite affirming the neurodevelopmental nature of the disease (Fernell et al, 2013;Rutter, 2011;Zanon et al, 2014), the environment and the interaction the infants establish with their caregivers play a fundamental role in this process, as indicated in different psychoanalytical studies (Alvarez, 1994;Freud, 1926Freud, /1996Klein, 1952Klein, /1991Lebovici, 1987;Mahler, 1965Mahler, /1982Spitz, 1965Spitz, /2004Winnicott, 1967Winnicott, /1975. Figueiredo (2012) affirms that the care agent should practice his function as implied presence, which means being committed and active.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the most common symptoms are not expressed similarly in children, despite some regularity that permits the construction of a diagnosis. From the neurodevelopmental perspective, ASD is considered a complex behavioral syndrome with multiple causes (Rutter, 2011) and the diagnostic construction of the disorder is based on each individual's behavior and developmental history (Zanon, Backes, & Bosa, 2014). From the same perspective, Fernell, Eriksson and Gillberg (2013) affirm, based on neuroimaging studies, that the brain pathology underlying ASD is not located in a specific brain area, highlighting the prefrontal area, the brain stem and the cerebellum as generally affected regions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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CDRI as an Instrument to Evaluate Infants With Developmental Problems Associated With Autism

Campana

Lerner

David

2015

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

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This exploratory study investigates the contributions the Clinical Risk Indicators in Child Development (CDRI) may bring for the evaluation of infants who might be considered in autistic development. To do so, results of the evaluation -using CDRI and the Modified Checklist for Autism (M-CHAT) -of 43 babies who were 18 months old were compared. The present study showed that autism is amongst the risks the CDRI detects. The statistical analysis highlights that the axis Subject Assumption (SA) may not differentiate infants who present developmental problems associated with autism from typically developing ones. The Alternate Presence/Absence (PA) axis seems to be the one that most distinguishes these groups of infants. The clinical vignette demonstrates that CDRI can be used as a guide that helps to understand the family dynamics and can guide the interventions made in public health services. Keywords IRDI en la Evaluación de Bebés con Problemas de Desarrollo Asociados al AutismoResumen: Esta investigacion es un estudio exploratorio con objeto de investigar contribuciones que el protocolo Indicadores Clínicos de Riesgo para el Desarrollo Infantil (IRDI) puede traer para evaluación de bebés que estén desarrollándose en un camino autístico. Para tanto, fueron comparados resultados del IRDI y del Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) en 43 bebés de 18 meses de vida. El estudio demostró que los riesgos detectados por el IRDI también incluyen está el autismo. El análisis estadístico indica la posibilidad de que el eje Suposición de Sujeto (SS) no diferencie bebés con problemas de desarrollo asociados al autismo de aquellos con desarrollo típico. El eje Alternancia Presencia/Ausencia (PA) parece ser el que más distingue los dos grupos de bebés. La viñeta clínica demuestra que el IRDI puede ser utilizado como un operador de lectura que auxilia la comprensión de dinámicas familiares con potencial para orientar intervenciones en el contexto de la salud pública.Palabras clave: desarrollo infantil, autismo, psicoanálisis, salud pública

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

CDRI as an Instrument to Evaluate Infants With Developmental Problems Associated With Autism

Campana

Lerner

David

2015

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

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“…The intelligence assessment is especially important for a correct analysis of the data, as a measure of extremely low IQ is one of the diagnostic criteria for the ID, as stated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 20 . No study reported the IQ of the participants with ASD, despite the fact that such data are important due to the frequent association between ID and the disorder 3 . More specifically, the severity of ASD symptoms such as the quality of socio-communicative behavior is influenced by IQ.…”

Section: Considerations On the Sample Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the etiology of the disorder has not yet been established, studies have identified genetic and neurobiological factors that tend to be associated with ASD 2,3 . Regarding epidemiology, international studies show a higher incidence in males, with a ratio of 4.2 male births for each female 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of assessment instruments for autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of Brazilian studies

Backes

Mônego

Bosa

et al. 2014

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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Objective: To systematically review the scientific literature on the psychometric properties of international instruments for the assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the Brazilian population. Methods: A search of bibliographic references was conducted in six electronic databases: PsycINFO, PubMed, IndexPsi, Lilacs, Capes (theses and dissertations) and SciELO. The studies were selected by two independent researchers. results: The procedure identified 11 studies of the Brazilian population that encompassed six ASD assessment tools. Given the information provided, the adaptation of the M-CHAT, a screening instrument, was the best conducted. All steps of the adaptation process were described and the changes made to the final version of the instrument were presented, which was not addressed in other studies. In terms of reliability, all of the instruments that assessed internal consistency showed adequate values. In addition, the ADI-R and the CARS adaptations also satisfactorily contemplated inter-rater reliability and test-retest indices, respectively. Finally, all studies aiming to validate instruments showed evidence of validity and sensitivity, and specificity values above 0.90 were observed in the ASQ, ADI-R and ABC. Conclusion: Considering both the psychometric aspects and the copyright information, the screening instrument that currently appears to be best indicated for clinical and research use is the M-CHAT. It was also noticed that there are still no specific ASD diagnostic tools available for use in Brazil. This lack of diagnostic instruments consists in a critical situation for the improvement of clinical practice and the development of research in this area. reSuMOObjetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a literatura científica acerca das propriedades psicomé-tricas de instrumentos internacionais para a avaliação do transtorno do espectro do autismo (TEA) na população brasileira. Métodos: Realizou-se uma busca de referências bibliográficas em seis bases de dados: PsycINFO, PubMed, IndexPsi, Lilacs, Capes (teses e dissertações) e SciELO, sendo a seleção dos estudos realizada por dois pesquisadores independentes. resultados: O procedimento resultou em 11 estudos que abarcaram seis instrumentos de ava- Literature review liação do TEA na população brasileira. Dadas as informações fornecidas, a adaptação do M-CHAT, um instrumento de rastreamento, foi a melhor realizada. Todas as etapas do processo de adaptação foram descritas e as alterações feitas para a versão final do instrumento foram apresentadas, o que não foi explicitado em outros estudos. Em termos de fidedignidade, todos os instrumentos que avaliaram a consistência interna apresentaram valores adequados. A ADI-R e a CARS também contemplaram satisfatoriamente a fidedignidade entre avaliadores e os índices de teste-reteste, respectivamente. Finalmente, todos os estudos que objetivaram a validação de instrumentos apresentaram evidências de validade e sensibilidade, e valores de especificidade acima de 0,90 foram observados no ASQ, ADI-R e...

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“…Atualmente, o TEA é compreendido como uma síndrome comportamental complexa que possui etiologias múltiplas, combinando fatores genéticos e ambientais (Rutter, 2011). Até o momento, as bases biológicas que buscam explicar a complexidade do transtorno são apenas parcialmente conhecidas e, por isso, a identificação e o diagnóstico do transtorno baseiam-se nos comportamentos apresentados e na história do desenvolvimento de cada indivíduo (Barbaro, 2009;Daley, 2004).…”

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Identificação dos primeiros sintomas do autismo pelos pais

Zanon

Backes

Bosa

2014

Psic.: Teor. e Pesq.

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RESUMO -Dificuldades no desenvolvimento social são os indicadores mais prováveis de um futuro diagnóstico de autismo, entretanto o atraso da fala parece ser o motivo que mais mobiliza os pais na busca por assistência. Neste estudo foram investigados os primeiros sintomas percebidos pelos pais de crianças com autismo e a idade da criança na ocasião. Participaram 32 pré-escolares e o instrumento utilizado foi a Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. Comprometimentos no desenvolvimento da linguagem foram os sintomas mais frequentemente observados, porém os da socialização foram os mais precocemente identificados. No geral, a idade média em que os primeiros sintomas foram percebidos foi 15,2 meses. Os resultados corroboram achados de outros estudos, ressaltando a importância dos comprometimentos sociais para a identificação precoce do autismo. Palavras-chave: autismo, identificação precoce, percepção dos pais Parents' Perception of the First Symptoms of AutismABSTRACT -The occurrence of problems related to social development is the best predictors of a future diagnosis of an Autistic Disorder. Speech delay, however, seems to be the main that reason that leads parents to seek assistance. The present study aimed to investigate the first symptoms observed by the parents of children with autism and the age that it occurred. Thirty-two preschool children participated in the study. The instrument used was the Autism Diagnostic Interviwed-Revised. Abnormalities in language development were the most frequent symptoms reported by the parents, but social impairment was the earliest that was noticed. The average age when the parents noticed the first symptoms was 15.2 months. The results corroborate other findings, highlighting the importance of social deficits for the early identification of autism.

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Progress in Understanding Autism: 2007–2010

Cited by 84 publications

References 92 publications

CDRI as an Instrument to Evaluate Infants With Developmental Problems Associated With Autism

CDRI as an Instrument to Evaluate Infants With Developmental Problems Associated With Autism

Psychometric properties of assessment instruments for autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of Brazilian studies

Identificação dos primeiros sintomas do autismo pelos pais

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