Progress in psoriasis therapy via novel drug delivery systems

Abstract

Psoriasis is a lifelong condition which is caused by the negative signals produced by immune system, which leads to hyper proliferation and other inflammatory reactions on the skin. In this case, keratinocytes which are the outermost layer of skin possess shortened life cycle and results in the alteration of desquamation process where the cytokines will come out through lesions of affected patients and as a result, scaling marks appears on the skin. These conditions may negatively affect the patient’s quality of life and lead to psychosocial stress. Psoriasis can be categorized as mild, moderate and severe conditions. Mild psoriasis leads to the formation of rashes, and when it becomes moderate, the skin turns into scaly. In severe conditions, red patches may be present on skin surface and becomes itchy. Topical therapy continues to be one of the pillars for psoriasis management. Drug molecules with target effect on the skin tissues and other inflammations should be selected for the treatment of psoriasis. Most of the existing drugs lead to systemic intoxication and dryness when applied in higher dose. Different scientific approaches for topical delivery are being explored by researches including emollient, modified gelling system, transdermal delivery, spray, nanogels, hydrogels, micro/nano emulsion, liposomes, nano capsules etc. These topical dosage forms are evaluated for various physico chemical properties such as drug content, viscosity, pH, extrudability, spreadability, toxicity, irritancy, permeability and drug release mechanism. This review paper focus attention to the impact of these formulation approaches on various anti-psoriasis drugs for their successful treatment.

Poly[acrylonitrile-co-(N-vinyl pyrrolidone)] nanoparticles – Composition-dependent skin penetration enhancement of a dye probe and biocompatibility

“…The translation into clinical use is often challenged by limited stability of the nanoparticles and/or the inconsistent or unknown extent of particle penetration. The latter highly depends on the integrity of the physiological skin barrier function and thus is strongly influenced by regional variation of human skin, the stratum corneum in particular, as well as a disease related damage of the stratum corneum [8][9][10][11]. Apart from skin conditions, it is hypothesized that nanoparticles might interact with the lipid matrix of the skin or skin annexes and may gain access to deeper layers [12,13].…”

Reformulations of well‐known active ingredients in the topical treatment of psoriasis vulgaris can improve clinical outcomes for patients

“…7 Numerous approaches to enhancing topical drug delivery have been investigated in recent years including aerosol foam formulations, physical/chemical penetration enhancers, nanotechnology and microneedles. 14,15 Another promising approach is to use the principle of supersaturation to increase the concentration of the dissolved drug. 16 This increases the thermodynamic activity of the API, enabling more API to penetrate the skin.…”

“…Increasing the bioavailability of an API by modifying or changing the vehicle has been the subject of research efforts over the past few decades. Novel topical drug‐delivery systems include spray foams, aerosol foams, hydrogels, nanogels, microemulsions and nanoemulsions, as well as innovative drug‐delivery principles, such as supersaturated formulations …”

“…Novel topical drug-delivery systems include spray foams, aerosol foams, hydrogels, nanogels, microemulsions and nanoemulsions, as well as innovative drug-delivery principles, such as supersaturated formulations. [14][15][16] Another rationale for modifying the formulation of topical medications is to improve patient satisfaction. Many patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis treated with topical therapies are dissatisfied with their treatment, 17,18 a factor that may contribute to low medication adherence.…”

Nanodermatology‐based solutions for psoriasis: State‐of‐the art and future prospects

“…Vesicular systems are novel methods to deliver encapsulated drugs, increase their bioavailability with a higher control of the delivering‐time (Kumar & Rajeshwarrao, ). They include liposomes, ethosomes, trans‐ethosomes, niosomes, pro‐niosomes, invasomes, micro‐ and nano‐emulsions, and transfersomes, among others (Carter, Narasimhan, & Wang, ; Schäfer‐Korting, Korting, & Braun‐Falco, ; Vincent, Ramya, & Vedha, ).…”