Progress in conceptual design of EU DEMO EC system

Garavaglia, S.; Bruschi, A.; Franke, Thomas; Granucci, G.; Grossetti, G.; Jelonnek, John; Poli, E.; Rispoli, N.; Strauß, D.; Tran, Quang D.

doi:10.1051/epjconf/201714704002

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…At present 4 ports are dedicated to the ECS, with a total of 8 clusters connected. The reliability analysis [10] led to an optimized number of 6 clusters in operation and 2 in standby for reliability. The system architecture now under study foresees 16 gyrotrons connected to each port and 22 antennas per port (6 for NTM control and 16 for bulk heating).…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EU DEMO EC equatorial launcher pre-conceptual performance studies

Garavaglia

Baiocchi

Bruschi

et al. 2020

Fusion Engineering and Design

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The preliminary conceptual design for the Electron Cyclotron (EC) system of the future European DEMOnstration fusion power plant is ongoing in the EUROfusion Consortium. This represents one of the key aspects in order to assess the performances and the integration capabilities of such a system in EU DEMO as well as in the alternative reactor configuration Flexi-DEMO. Different options for the antenna, namely remote steering antenna (RSA), open ended waveguides (OEWG) and the front steering antenna (FSA) later on renamed in mid steering antenna (MSA) to notify that the MSA is protected behind the breeding blanket (BB) in DEMO, are investigated, analyzing their performance for several injection angles and launch points. This activity considers the constraints given by physics and engineering requirements, as for example the maximum power per port and the necessary local current drive to stabilize neo-classical tearing modes (NTMs) with a proper deposition width. The beam tracing calculations have been performed on different scenarios, providing information on plasma accessibility and deposited power. The microwave design and initial ideas about the ex-vessel EC transmission lines routing will be shown.

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Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EU DEMO EC equatorial launcher pre-conceptual performance studies

Garavaglia

Baiocchi

Bruschi

et al. 2020

Fusion Engineering and Design

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“…The principle layout is shown in Fig 8 right, θ is the incidence angle, α is the poloidal and β is the toroidal angle (definition cf. [28]). Considering that ρt = 0.6 (q = 3/2) and ρt = 0.77 (q = 2) are reached with different injection angles α = 16.8°, β = 16.5° (q = 2) and α = 22.5°, β = 16.5° (q = 3/2) the value of θ will be around 53°.…”

Section: Ec Beam Opticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial port integration concept for EC and NB systems in EU DEMO tokamak

Franke

Agostinetti

Bachmann³

et al. 2019

Fusion Engineering and Design

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“…The EU DEMO pulse length being 2 h, 1000 pulses between two (major) faults of EC system lead to 2000 h for the MTBF, which is equivalent to 99.9% of reliability. The analysis [33] allowed the selection of proper optimized number of elements of each cluster (n = 8) and the total number of cluster: 4 + 1 for main tasks and one for NTM stabilization. The chosen values are the result of an optimization processes that minimize the total number of gyrotrons/elements and maximize the number of beams on each mirror ensuring the highest possible MTBF [32].…”

Section: Ec System Conceptual Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design of the EU DEMO EC-system: main developments and R&D achievements

et al. 2017

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For the development of a DEMOnstration Fusion Power Plant the design of auxiliary heating systems is a key activity in order to achieve controlled burning plasma. The present heating mix considers Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH), Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) and Ion Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ICRH) with a target power to the plasma of about 50MW for each system. The main tasks assigned to the EC system are plasma breakdown and assisted start-up, heating to L-H transition and plasma current ramp up to burn, MHD stability control and assistance in plasma current ramp down. The consequent requirements are used for the conceptual design of the EC system, from the RF source to the launcher, with an extensive R&D program focused on relevant technologies to be developed. Gyrotron: the R&D and Advanced Developments on EC RF sources are targeting for gyrotrons operating at 240GHz, considered as optimum EC Current Drive frequency in case of higher magnetic field than for the 2015 EU DEMO1 baseline. Multipurpose (multi-frequency) and frequency step-tunable gyrotrons are under investigation to increase the flexibility of the system. As main targets an output power of significantly above 1MW (target: 2MW) and a total efficiency higher than 60% are set. The principle feasibility at limits of a 236GHz, conventional-cavity and, alternatively, of a 238GHz coaxial-cavity gyrotron are under investigation together with the development of a synthetic diamond Brewster-angle window technology. Advanced developments are ongoing in the field of multi-stage depressed collector technologies. Transmission Line (TL): Different TL options are under investigation and a preliminary study of an evacuated quasi-optical multiple-beam TL, considered for a hybrid solution, is presented and discussed in terms of layout, dimensions and theoretical losses. Launcher: Remote Steering Antennas have been considered as a possible launcher solution especially under the constraints to avoid movable mirrors close to the plasma. With dedicated beam tracing calculations, the deposition locations coverage and the wave absorption efficiency have been investigated, considering a selection of frequencies, injection angles and launching points. An option for the EC system structure is proposed in clusters, in order to allow the necessary redundancy and flexibility to guarantee the required EC power in the different phases of the plasma pulse. Number and composition of the clusters are analysed to have high availability and therefore maximum reliability with a minimum number of components.

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Progress in conceptual design of EU DEMO EC system

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

EU DEMO EC equatorial launcher pre-conceptual performance studies

EU DEMO EC equatorial launcher pre-conceptual performance studies

Initial port integration concept for EC and NB systems in EU DEMO tokamak

Conceptual design of the EU DEMO EC-system: main developments and R&D achievements

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