Progress and Prospects of Salt Lake Research in China

Zheng, Yu; Mianping,; Zhang, Bo; Yongsheng,; Liu, Ming; Xifang,; Nie,; Zhen, Zhen; Kong,; Fanjing,; Qi, Qi; Wen, Jinyu; Jia, Jia; Qingxian,; PU, Pu; Linzhong,; Hou,; Xianhua,; Wang, Hong; Hailei,

doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12280_15

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…All K + in rivers are assumed from the silicate weathering (K + silicate = K + river ); Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ provided by the silicate (Ca 2+ silicate and Mg 2+ silicate ) are calculated assuming they are released to river waters in a fixed proportion relative to Na + silicate [45,46] (formulas (6) and (7) in Figure 5a). After that, the percentage of total cations from the silicate weathering ( Cation) silicate was obtained (formula (8) in Figure 5a).…”

Section: Forward Model To Quantify the Contribution Of Different Sourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, previous studies [4,26,53] have demonstrated that modern salt lakes in the QB are the result of the migration and evolution of the "ancient Qaidam Lake." From the Oligocene-Miocene-Pliocene-Pleistocene, the ancient Qaidam Lake migrated from the Dalangtan to Chahansilatu playas, further to Yiliping playa, and finally, to the QSL, which presents a reverse-S shape (Figure 7a) [8]. Did shallow K-rich brines (including surface brines and intercrystalline brines) in salt lakes in the eastern QB inherit K from the "ancient Qaidam Lake"?…”

Section: The Source Of K In the Qsl From Flux Calculation Constraintmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 7. The evolution of salt lakes and the contours of K in salt lake brines in the QB: (a) the migration of the salt basins presents a reverse-S shape [8]; (b) the distribution of K + in the salt lake brines does not follow the reverse-S evolution path (data from Table 1 and Table S2).…”

Section: The Source Of K In the Qsl From Flux Calculation Constraintmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past several decades, many efforts have been directed toward investigating valuable elements (K, B, Li, etc.) [4][5][6][7][8][9] and evaluating the resource exploitation potential of salt lakes [10][11][12][13]. An abundance of shallow, K-rich brines, including the surface brines and intercrystalline brines, occur in these salt lakes (Figures 1 and 2), making the QB the largest potash fertilizer production base in China at present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Source, Distribution, and Sedimentary Pattern of K-Rich Brines in the Qaidam Basin, Western China

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2019

Minerals

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Potash plays an important role in agricultural production. The Qaidam Basin (QB) in western China is a typical inland evaporite basin, which contains an abundance of K-rich brines, including shallow brines (i.e., surface brines and intercrystalline brines) in salt lakes and deep brines (i.e., pore brines and oilfield brines) in the strata. Significant studies on these brines have been reported; however, the integrated studies on sources of K, its distribution, and the sedimentary pattern of the two brine types are still inadequate. In this study, the K + concentrations of sixty-four intercrystalline brines from the Qarhan Salt Lake (QSL), the largest playa in the QB, are presented. After combining those results with the major ionic compositions of river waters and deep K-rich brines, and the K + concentrations of shallow brines in the QB, we concluded that: (1) The K of brines in the QSL is mainly from the high-flux K input by rivers which gain K from silicate weathering, while the "ancient Qaidam Lake" contributed little K to the QSL; (2) the large K flux supplied by rivers, the appropriate concentration degree, and the mixing of river waters and spring waters, cooperatively account for the highest K concentrations of brines in the QSL in the QB. The different river K recharges in different sections and isolated depressions are responsible for uneven K + concentrations of brines in the QSL.(3) The deep brines are mainly distributed in the western QB. The K source of pore brines is from the interaction of pore water with the overlying evaporite layer. While the K in oilfield brines may be meteoric water, salt dissolution, the mixing of hydrothermal fluids, and the conversion of clay minerals to K-feldspar may consume K in the oilfield brines.

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Section: Forward Model To Quantify the Contribution Of Different Sourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Source Of K In the Qsl From Flux Calculation Constraintmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Source Of K In the Qsl From Flux Calculation Constraintmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Source, Distribution, and Sedimentary Pattern of K-Rich Brines in the Qaidam Basin, Western China

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2019

Minerals

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“…Qarhan has promising research value and development prospects of lithium resource in the near future [4,5,[11][12][13]. Despite relevant research on recovering lithium from salt lakes brine having been undertaken since 1970s, currently most of these studies concern lithium distribution during the brine evaporation process focusing on the two types of brine: carbonate-type brine with high lithium concentration, such as Zabuye Salt Lake brine in which concentration of lithium was 1085-1848 mg/L [12] and lithium always precipitate from aqueous in the form of carbonate as brine evaporates [13,14]; and the NaSO 4 subtype brine with high lithium concentration such as Zhacang kaca Salt Lake (lithium concentration was 1210-2303 mg/L) [15] and East TaiJanier Salt Lake (543-1496 mg/L) [16]. In this type of brine, lithium will precipitate from solution in the form of sulfate as brine evaporates [15,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration Behavior of Lithium during Brine Evaporation and KCl Production Plants in Qarhan Salt Lake

Song

Gang

et al. 2017

Minerals

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Lithium-brine is an important potential source of lithium. Much research and investigation has been carried out aimed at lithium recovery from brine. Although the distribution and occurrence status of lithium in brine have important implications for lithium recovery, few reports had correlated to this issue. In this article, a study was carried out to explore the lithium migration behavior during brine evaporation and KCl production process at Qarhan Salt Lake. The occurrence status of lithium both in fresh mined brine and residual brine after evaporation were also speculated by means of lithium concentration evaluation and theoretical calculation based on the Pitzer electrolyte solution theory. Results showed that, for Qarhan brine mined from the Bieletan region, most lithium was enriched in the residual brine during the brine evaporation process. The concentration of lithium in the residual brine could be more than 400 mg/L. More than 99.93% lithium ions in residual brine exist in free ions state and lithium does not precipitate from brine with a density of 1.3649 g/mL. The results also revealed that lithium concentration in wastewater discharged from KCl plants can reach a level of 243.8 mg/L. The investigation results provide a theoretical basis for comprehensive development and utilization of lithium resources in Qarhan Salt Lake.

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Sulphate supergene minerals: An intuitive indicator for deep deposit in plateau regions

Zhao

2021

Geological Journal

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The world‐class Rongna Cu(Au) deposit, located in the Duolong mining district, is the first epithermal‐porphyry deposit along the Bangong–Nujiang metallogenic belt. The acidic spring developed in the centre of the Rongna Deposit and its basin has a high amount of heavy metals. Therefore, metal elements (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, As, Cr and Hg), pH, SO42− of the Rongna River and the composition of its supergene minerals are studied to discuss the environmental influence and provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization and environmental management of the Rongna Deposit. The result shows that there are eight kinds of supergene minerals: natrojarosite, hexahydrite, tamarugite, anhydrite, pickeringite, bloedite, gypsum and naujakasite, among which, naujakasite is discovered for the first time in China. The material sources of these sulphate minerals and acidic water are from the sulphate in the ores that experience the leaching process and oxidation. The spring is severely acidified, whose pH values are 2.70–3.08, the single pollution index of Cr, Cd, Pb, Hg and As are less than 1, but the index of Cu and Zn exceed the Class III National Water Standard by about twice, showing a mild pollution, its comprehensive pollution index values 0.8 ~ (<2.5), showing good quality. The pH of Rongna River water values are 7.70–7.92, the single pollution index is less than 1, indicating no pollution, and the comprehensive pollution index is less than 0.8, indicating good quality. However, considering the vulnerable ecological environment in Tibet, the acidic spring still needs manual intervention. An open‐air reservoir can be built upstream of the acidic spring, and the pollutants can precipitate by natural evaporation and then be recycled.

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Progress and Prospects of Salt Lake Research in China

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

The Source, Distribution, and Sedimentary Pattern of K-Rich Brines in the Qaidam Basin, Western China

The Source, Distribution, and Sedimentary Pattern of K-Rich Brines in the Qaidam Basin, Western China

Migration Behavior of Lithium during Brine Evaporation and KCl Production Plants in Qarhan Salt Lake

Sulphate supergene minerals: An intuitive indicator for deep deposit in plateau regions

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