Progress and prospects of hydrogen production: Opportunities and challenges

Zhang, Bing; Zhang, Suixin; Yao, Rui; Wu, Yonghong; Qiu, Jieshan

doi:10.1016/j.jnlest.2021.100080

Cited by 139 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 110 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An installation of about 70 MW capacity of electrolysis was done, which doubled the preceding year's record, and two hydrogen producing facilities from fossil fuels with Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) became operational, which led to about a 15% increase in production capacity [32]. Reports show that the global total hydrogen demand has increased rapidly by 27.2% in 7 years, i.e., from 255.3 billion cubic meters in 2013 to some 324.8 billion cubic meters in 2020 [33,34]. Figure 2 shows the increase in demand for H2 over the years; it can be seen that the produced hydrogen are mostly used in the production of ammonia (51%), while about 31% goes into oil refining, 10% is used for the production of methanol, and the remaining 8% has other uses [35].…”

Section: Status Of the Global Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Renewable Hydrogen Production Methods: Factors Affecting Their Scale-Up and Its Role in Future Energy Generation

Nutakor²,

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An increase in human activities and population growth have significantly increased the world’s energy demands. The major source of energy for the world today is from fossil fuels, which are polluting and degrading the environment due to the emission of greenhouse gases. Hydrogen is an identified efficient energy carrier and can be obtained through renewable and non-renewable sources. An overview of renewable sources of hydrogen production which focuses on water splitting (electrolysis, thermolysis, and photolysis) and biomass (biological and thermochemical) mechanisms is presented in this study. The limitations associated with these mechanisms are discussed. The study also looks at some critical factors that hinders the scaling up of the hydrogen economy globally. Key among these factors are issues relating to the absence of a value chain for clean hydrogen, storage and transportation of hydrogen, high cost of production, lack of international standards, and risks in investment. The study ends with some future research recommendations for researchers to help enhance the technical efficiencies of some production mechanisms, and policy direction to governments to reduce investment risks in the sector to scale the hydrogen economy up.

show abstract

Section: Status Of the Global Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Renewable Hydrogen Production Methods: Factors Affecting Their Scale-Up and Its Role in Future Energy Generation

Nutakor²,

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Photoelectrochemical (PEC) electrolysis system (Figure 12), which converts solar energy directly to hydrogen by using a direct and simple setup has sparked considerable attention in recent years. Water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen by absorbing solar photons in a semiconductor material attached with electrocatalysts [142][143][144]. Table 6 shows a summary of photoelectrochemical electrolysis for hydrogen production in which the membrane is integrated with a semiconductor material in order to activate the photoelectrochemical reaction when immersed in an appropriate agent (e.g., methanol, water or ethanol).…”

Section: Photoelectrochemical Electrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 6 shows a summary of photoelectrochemical electrolysis for hydrogen production in which the membrane is integrated with a semiconductor material in order to activate the photoelectrochemical reaction when immersed in an appropriate agent (e.g., methanol, water or ethanol). PEC electrolysis, that can directly use the free energy obtained from solar panels to produce hydrogen, holds tremendous potential due to its simple setup , although efficiency remains quite low < 10% due to the fact that the technology is still in its infancy [142,144]. Therefore, there should be collaborative efforts in the scientific community to increase the efficiency of PEC electrolysis, with the goal of matching that of photovoltaic assisted water splitting processes.…”

Section: Photoelectrochemical Electrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Membrane-Based Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production: A Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrogen is a zero-carbon footprint energy source with high energy density that could be the basis of future energy systems. Membrane-based water electrolysis is one means by which to produce high-purity and sustainable hydrogen. It is important that the scientific community focus on developing electrolytic hydrogen systems which match available energy sources. In this review, various types of water splitting technologies, and membrane selection for electrolyzers, are discussed. We highlight the basic principles, recent studies, and achievements in membrane-based electrolysis for hydrogen production. Previously, the NafionTM membrane was the gold standard for PEM electrolyzers, but today, cheaper and more effective membranes are favored. In this paper, CuCl–HCl electrolysis and its operating parameters are summarized. Additionally, a summary is presented of hydrogen production by water splitting, including a discussion of the advantages, disadvantages, and efficiencies of the relevant technologies. Nonetheless, the development of cost-effective and efficient hydrogen production technologies requires a significant amount of study, especially in terms of optimizing the operation parameters affecting the hydrogen output. Therefore, herein we address the challenges, prospects, and future trends in this field of research, and make critical suggestions regarding the implementation of comprehensive membrane-based electrolytic systems.

show abstract

“…While such renewable sources like solar and wind can provide environmentally friendly alternatives to fossil fuels, their intermittent nature brings the need of an energy storage medium that allows for the continual provision of energy; as there is no one-size-fits-all solution, we need a multi-faceted approach to accomplish that. For instance, instead of using common batteries, these sources could grant the energy needed to produce hydrogen from water, which can then be stored as a means to generate electrical and mechanical energy, as well as heat-thus ensuring the continuous production of emissions-free energy, which is necessary to fulfill modern society's consumption requirements [13,14]. The push for environmentally friendly energy solutions has renewed the interest to accelerate the development of hydrogen production methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments on Hydrogen Production Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review with a Focus on Green-Electrolysis

Vidas

Castro

2021

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Growing human activity has led to a critical rise in global energy consumption; since the current main sources of energy production are still fossil fuels, this is an industry linked to the generation of harmful byproducts that contribute to environmental deterioration and climate change. One pivotal element with the potential to take over fossil fuels as a global energy vector is renewable hydrogen; but, for this to happen, reliable solutions must be developed for its carbon-free production. The objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive review on several hydrogen production technologies, mainly focusing on water splitting by green-electrolysis, integrated on hydrogen’s value chain. The review further deepened into three leading electrolysis methods, depending on the type of electrolyzer used—alkaline, proton-exchange membrane, and solid oxide—assessing their characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Based on the conclusions of this study, further developments in applications like the efficient production of renewable hydrogen will require the consideration of other types of electrolysis (like microbial cells), other sets of materials such as in anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis, and even the use of artificial intelligence and neural networks to help design, plan, and control the operation of these new types of systems.

show abstract

Progress and prospects of hydrogen production: Opportunities and challenges

Cited by 139 publications

References 110 publications

A Critical Review of Renewable Hydrogen Production Methods: Factors Affecting Their Scale-Up and Its Role in Future Energy Generation

A Critical Review of Renewable Hydrogen Production Methods: Factors Affecting Their Scale-Up and Its Role in Future Energy Generation

Membrane-Based Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production: A Review

Recent Developments on Hydrogen Production Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review with a Focus on Green-Electrolysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About