Programmed Death - Ligand 1 Expression Distinguishes Invasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma from Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-like Nuclear Features

Fu, Guodong; Polyakova, Olena; MacMillan, Christina; Ralhan, Ranju; Walfish, Paul G.

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.03.031

Cited by 33 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…As reported in previous histologic series, we compared PD‐L1 (cytologic and histologic) expression with matched thyroid staging according to the eighth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual in the 113 malignant cases of our series. The data showed that the majority of patients (n = 105; 93%) had stage I disease, 6 had stage II disease (5.3%), 1 had stage III disease, and 1 other had stage IV disease (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PD‐L1 expression was evaluated using the tumor proportion score system as the percentage of viable tumor cells showing either partial or complete membranous and cytoplasmic positivity. According to the literature, PD‐L1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has shown increased expression (using the E1L3N antibody; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc) with both plasma membrane and cytoplasm localization . In our series, ICC was carried out using the Dako 22C3 clone, which resulted in both cytoplasmic and membranous PD‐L1 staining.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For thyroid pathology, the expression of PD‐L1 has been reported in a few series . Chowdhury et al documented a correlation between PD‐L1 expression of tumor cells and a poor prognosis in patients with thyroid cancer, a greater risk of recurrence, and a shortened disease‐free survival .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PD‐L1 and thyroid cytology: A possible diagnostic and prognostic marker

Dell’Aquila

Granitto

Martini

et al. 2019

Cancer Cytopathology

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Background Programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression is emerging as an important predictive biomarker in anti–PD‐L1 cancer immunotherapy. Its role has been clearly defined in various human cancers and is linked to a poor prognosis and resistance to anticancer therapies. The role of PD‐L1 in thyroid cancers has not been well defined in fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The authors examined the performance of PD‐L1 immunostaining in liquid‐based cytology (LBC) to determine whether it could be a biomarker of malignancy or aggressive disease. Methods From January 2018 to March 2019, 236 thyroid lesions, which had been diagnosed by FNAC as indeterminate lesions, suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant, were enrolled. PD‐L1 immunostaining was performed on both LBC and corresponding histology samples. Results The FNAC cohort included 50 benign negative controls, 42 samples of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), 33 samples of follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN), 53 samples that were suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and 58 malignant samples. AUS/FLUS samples included 3 goiters, 32 follicular adenomas (FAs), 1 noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP), 5 invasive follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (I‐FVPTCs), and 1 follicular carcinoma; whereas FN/SFN samples included 24 FAs and 9 malignancies (4 I‐FVPTCs, 1 NIFTP, 3 papillary thyroid carcinomas [PTCs], and 1 oncocytic follicular carcinoma). The 53 SFM samples were diagnosed on histopathology as 2 FAs, 5 NIFTPs, 15 I‐FVPTCs, and 31 PTCs; whereas the 58 malignant specimens included 5 NIFTPs, 5 I‐FVPTCs, and 48 PTCs. Increased plasma membrane and cytoplasmic PD‐L1 expression was found in 79 cases (38.5%), including 61 PTCs (conventional and variants). Negative PD‐L1 expression was found in NIFTPs and FAs. A BRAF V600E mutation was identified in 15% of PD‐L1–positive malignancies. Conclusions The current data suggest that PD‐L1 expression in the thyroid gland might represent a marker of malignancy that correlates with PTC, but not with NIFTP. Thyroid neoplasms with PD‐L1 expression also ae enriched with BRAF V600E mutations, suggesting that they are associated with more aggressive behavior.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PD‐L1 and thyroid cytology: A possible diagnostic and prognostic marker

Dell’Aquila

Granitto

Martini

et al. 2019

Cancer Cytopathology

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“…Maletta et al [7] assessed CD56 immunohistochemical expression in cytological samples of NIFTP and described a heterogeneous intermediate expression between follicular benign lesions and invasive PTC. Fu et al [19] found that PDL-1 immunohistochemical expression in histological samples was higher in infiltrative lesions than in NIFTP. As for molecular studies, NIFTP were supposed to be clonal lesions and, therefore, neoplastic [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features: Can Cytology Face the Challenge of Diagnosis in the Light of the New Classification?

Arco¹,

Fernández-Aceñero²

2018

Acta Cytologica

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Objectives: To assess the cytological findings of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), conventional papillary thyroid carcinomas (C-PTC), and invasive follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinomas (IFV-PTC) to determine if there are cytological differences between groups. Study Design: We have reviewed all thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology samples diagnosed between 2000 and 2017. We have included all NIFTP cases (n = 6) and randomly selected cases of C-PTC (n = 14) and IFV-PTC (n = 8). Results: Comparing NIFTP and C-PTC cases, NIFTP cases showed significantly less papillary or pseudopapillary architecture, more bidimensional groups and microfollicles, and less tridimensionality, giant cells, and nuclear folds. We observed a trend towards significance for smear cellularity and amount of cytoplasm. Presence of nuclear folds was the only significant difference between NIFTP and IFV-PTC cases. The differences between groups in percent papillary or pseudopapillary architecture, cellularity, and tridimensionality showed a trend towards significance. Amount of colloid, dirty background, pleomorphism or atypia, nuclear pseudoinclusions, type of chromatin, and nucleolus were not significant. Conclusions: No cytopathological feature can differentiate between invasive and encapsulated IFV-PTC. In accordance with the recently accepted category, PTC smears with cells arranged in a predominantly follicular architecture should be reported as Bethesda IV category with descriptive terms to avoid false-positive cases.

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“…The study by Rosenbaum et al on poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) also supports the concept that PD‐L1 staining is often limited, focal, and heterogeneous, limiting its use as a diagnostic marker . Fu et al analyzed the expression of PD‐L1 in 52 NIFTPs, 45 invasive encapsulated follicular variants of PTC (EFVPTCs), and 40 benign nodules . They found no significant differences in PD‐L1 cytoplasmic staining between NIFTPs and benign lesions, whereas there was a significant increase in invasive EFVPTCs.…”

Section: Pd‐l1 Expression and Thyroid Cancer Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 91%

Do we need PD‐L1 as a biomarker for thyroid cytologic and histologic specimens?

Pusztaszeri

Bongiovanni²,

Brimo

2019

Cancer Cytopathology

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This editorial introduces the study by Dell’Aquila and colleagues in this edition of Cancer, which suggests that Programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression in the thyroid gland and on thyroid liquid‐based cytology might represent a marker of malignancy that correlates with papillary thyroid carcinoma, but not with noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features, and discusses the potential use of PD‐L1 for thyroid lesions.

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Programmed Death - Ligand 1 Expression Distinguishes Invasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma from Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-like Nuclear Features

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

PD‐L1 and thyroid cytology: A possible diagnostic and prognostic marker

PD‐L1 and thyroid cytology: A possible diagnostic and prognostic marker

Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features: Can Cytology Face the Challenge of Diagnosis in the Light of the New Classification?

Do we need PD‐L1 as a biomarker for thyroid cytologic and histologic specimens?

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