Programmed cell death during development of cowpea (<scp><i>V</i></scp><i>igna unguiculata</i> (<scp>L</scp>.) <scp>W</scp>alp.) seed coat

Lima, Nathália Bastos; Trindade, Fernanda Gomes; Cunha, Maura Da; Oliveira, Antônia Elenir Amâncio; Topping, Jennifer F.; Lindsey, Keith; Fernandes, Kátia Valevski Sales

doi:10.1111/pce.12432

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies on PCD during skin formation, although there are studies related to the role of PCD in protective dry tissue such as seed-coat development. DNA fragmentation has been found at early developmental stages of Arabidopsis seed-coat formation (Nakaune et al, 2005) and during the development of seed coats of cowpea (Lima et al, 2015). Radchuk et al (2010) identified DNA fragmentation during barley pericarp development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Molecular Changes Associated with Onion Skin Formation Suggest Involvement of Programmed Cell Death

et al. 2017

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Skin formation of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulb involves scale desiccation accompanied by scale senescence, resulting in cell death and tissue browning. Understanding the mechanism of skin formation is essential to improving onion skin and bulb qualities. Although onion skin plays a crucial role in postharvest onion storage and shelf life, its formation is poorly understood. We investigated the mode of cell death in the outermost scales that are destined to form the onion skin. Surprisingly, fluorescein diacetate staining and scanning electron microscopy indicated that the outer scale desiccates from the inside out. This striking observation suggests that cell death in the outer scales, during skin formation, is an internal and organized process that does not derive only from air desiccation. DNA fragmentation, a known hallmark of programmed cell death (PCD), was revealed in the outer scales and gradually decreased toward the inner scales of the bulb. Transmission electron microscopy further revealed PCD-related structural alterations in the outer scales which were absent from the inner scales. De novo transcriptome assembly for three different scales: 1st (outer), 5th (intermediate) and 8th (inner) fleshy scales identified 2,542 differentially expressed genes among them. GO enrichment for cluster analysis revealed increasing metabolic processes in the outer senescent scale related to defense response, PCD processes, carbohydrate metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas increased metabolism and developmental growth processes were identified in the inner scales. High expression levels of PCD-related genes were identified in the outer scale compared to the inner ones, highlighting the involvement of PCD in outer-skin development. These findings suggest that a program to form the dry protective skin exists and functions only in the outer scales of onion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Molecular Changes Associated with Onion Skin Formation Suggest Involvement of Programmed Cell Death

et al. 2017

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“…At maturation, all organs enclosing the embryo, including seed coat, pericarp, and floral bracts, undergo developmentally induced programmed cell death (PCD) [23][24][25]. PCD is a physiological process that controls the disassembly and removal of cell components (except for cell walls).…”

Section: Doees Function As Long-term Storage For Beneficial Proteins:mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dead but Not Dead End: Multifunctional Role of Dead Organs Enclosing Embryos in Seed Biology

Grafi

2020

IJMS

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Dry fruits consist of two types, dehiscent and indehiscent, whereby the fruit is splitting open or remains closed at maturity, respectively. The seed, the dispersal unit (DU) of dehiscent fruits, is composed of three major parts, the embryo and the food reserve, encapsulated by the maternally-derived organ, the seed coat. Indehiscent fruit constitutes the DU in which the embryo is covered by two protective layers (PLs), the seed coat and the fruit coat. In grasses, the caryopsis, a one-seeded fruit, can be further enclosed by the floral bracts to generate two types of DUs, florets and spikelets. All protective layers enclosing the embryo undergo programmed cell death (PCD) at maturation and are thought to provide mainly a physical shield for embryo protection and a means for dispersal. In this review article, I wish to highlight the elaborate function of these dead organs enclosing the embryo as unique storage structures for beneficial substances and discuss their potential role in seed biology and ecology.

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“…As shown throughout this review, the PCD process involves the selective removal of unwanted cells and the mobilization of cellular debris, including the products of DNA fragmentation, which is a known hallmark of PCD [6,17,93,110,111]. In plants, genomic DNA is actively degraded during dPCD (e.g., during seed coat formation [103] and barley pericarp development [112]).…”

Section: Nucleases: the Next Frontier For Knowledge Of Pcd In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmed Cell Death in Seeds: An Adaptive Mechanism Required for Life

Matilla¹

2020

Seed Dormancy and Germination

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The regeneration of the mother plant through germinative process is the main reason that evolutionarily justifies the existence of a viable seed. Current knowledge indicates that the control of germination is a sophisticated process mainly controlled by hormones and reactive oxygen species (ROS), among other endogenous factors. One of the events that directly participate in the germination is the degradation of storage proteins (SPs). Thus, vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) contribute to SPs' degradation and mobilization due to direct proteolysis or through the activation of other peptidases. In parallel, the relationship between VPEs and programmed cell death (PCD) is beyond doubt. As an alternative to VPEs, the formation of vesicles called ricinosomes containing papain-like Cys-proteases (PLCPs) and located in the reserve tissues of some germinating seeds also collaborates to protein degradation. Finally, there are increasing evidences linking nucleases to PCD in different tissues of seed. However, its state of the art is still little developed. Together, this current overview illustrates a part of the complexity of PCD in seeds, a puzzle far from being solved.

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Programmed cell death during development of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) seed coat

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Cellular and Molecular Changes Associated with Onion Skin Formation Suggest Involvement of Programmed Cell Death

Cellular and Molecular Changes Associated with Onion Skin Formation Suggest Involvement of Programmed Cell Death

Dead but Not Dead End: Multifunctional Role of Dead Organs Enclosing Embryos in Seed Biology

Programmed Cell Death in Seeds: An Adaptive Mechanism Required for Life

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