Programmable High‐Speed and Hyper‐Efficiency DNA Signal Magnifier

Abstract

Herein, a programmable dual-catalyst hairpin assembly (DCHA) for realizing the synchronous recycle of two catalysts is developed, displaying high reaction rate and outstanding conversion efficiency beyond traditional nucleic acid signal amplifications (NASA). Once catalyst I interacts with the catalyst II, the DCHA can be triggered to realize the simultaneous recycle of catalysts I and II to keep the highly concentrated intermediate product duplex I-II instead of the steadily decreased one in typical NASA, which can accomplish in about only 16 min and achieves the outstanding conversion efficiency up to 4.54 × 10 8 , easily conquering the main predicaments of NASA: time-consuming and low-efficiency. As a proof of the concept, the proposed DCHA as a high-speed and hyper-efficiency DNA signal magnifier is successfully applied in the rapid and ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21 in cancer cell lysates, which exploits the new generation of universal strategy for the applications in biosensing assay, clinic diagnose, and DNA nanobiotechnology.

Smart Hairpins@MnO2 Nanosystem Enables Target-Triggered Enzyme-Free Exponential Amplification for Ultrasensitive Imaging of Intracellular MicroRNAs in Living Cells

“…Fewer probes in the amplification system can simplify the complexity of the method, reduce the occurrence of side reactions, and improve the conversion efficiency of reactants. 41,42 Furthermore, the specificity of the proposed method was investigated. Three miRNAs (Mis-1, Mis-2, and Mis-3) with only one nucleotide difference from miR-1246 were chosen as the control target models with the same concentration of 10 nM.…”

“…Although a similar enzyme-free exponential amplification method has also been reported, we developed a method has higher sensitivity and requires fewer probes. Fewer probes in the amplification system can simplify the complexity of the method, reduce the occurrence of side reactions, and improve the conversion efficiency of reactants. , …”

Modulating the Fluorescence of Silver Nanoclusters Wrapped in DNA Hairpin Loops via Confined Strand Displacement and Transient Concatenate Ligation for Amplifiable Biosensing

“…By plotting the difference of F *– F versus the SH concentration ( c SH μM), a linear correlation equation of F *– F = −1525 c SH + 1441 ( r = 0.995) was obtained (Figure B). Here, in routes I and II, the conversion efficiency ( E ) from input (target s 2 DNA) to output (recycled products: DDC and RH/AH) might be evaluated based on the concentration ratio of c DDC or c RH/AH and c s 2DNA , where the produced c DDC or c RH/AH might be assumed to be equivalent to the consumed SH . By combining with the above-obtained two regression equations of routes I and II, a calibration relationship between c DDC or c RH/AH and lg c s 2DNA was fitted under each initial concentration ranging from 1.0 pM to 100 nM (Figure C), c DDC = 0.155 c s 2DNA + 0.55 (route I) and c RH/AH = 0.124 c s 2DNA + 0.447 (route II).…”

Versatile Electrochemiluminescence Biosensing Platform Based on DNA Nanostructures and Catalytic Hairpin Assembly Signal Amplification

“…However, DNA leakage is unavoidable during the reaction, and the DNA cascade amplifies the leakage of the previous reaction, which will lead to an increased background signal. To solve this problem, the new CHA strategy with high speed and a high conversion rate was developed. , For example, Zhang et al recently constructed a dual-catalyst hairpin assembly system through adding a DNA-excited strand to the traditional CHA reaction, making the reaction to have not only high reaction efficiency but also high reaction kinetics …”

“…21,22 example, Zhang et al recently constructed a dual-catalyst hairpin assembly system through adding a DNA-excited strand to the traditional CHA reaction, making the reaction to have not only high reaction efficiency but also high reaction kinetics. 23 DNA nanostructures are usually nanoscale structural materials with specific configurations formed by DNA selfassembly. 24,25 Since Fan's group reported that the sensing interface modified by DNA tetrahedral nanostructures (DTN) has higher capture efficiency than other DNA, DTN has been widely used in biosensing platforms.…”