Prognostic value of systemic inflammatory factors NLR, LMR, PLR and LDH in penile cancer

Abstract

Background Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) represents an important public health problem for developing countries. The major prognostic factors in PSCC are pathological subtype, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, depth of invasion and grade, which are hard to obtain precisely before the operation. Besides, micro-metastases will be detected in about 30% of intermediate-risk patients with clinically non-palpable inguinal lymph nodes after inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND). It means approximately 70% of patients are unable to benefit from ILND who might suffered from the complications of surgery. We hope some biomarkers could be found which are able to predict the outcome before surgery and reflect the inguinal lymph nodes metastasis. Methods A total of 349 consecutive patients of penile cancer in Yunnan cancer hospital in China between October 2002 and December2017. Two hundred twenty-five was succeed to follow-up. The association between NLR, LMR, PLR, LDH and Overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), inguinal lymph node (N stage) was analyzed with K-M analysis, univariable, multivariable logistic regression and Kendall’s tau-b correlation coefficient. Results Multivariable analysis reveal that only PLR was significant independent factor which is associated with inferior OS and PFS; Age and LDH was associated with inferior OS; Lymph node and metastatic status remained significant for OS and PFS as NCCN and EAU Guidelines indicated; the tumor type, initial treatment and NLR LMR were not significant in predicting both OS and PFS. NLR, LMR and PLR were corresponded to N stage, while LDH was not associated with the N stage based on logistic regression model analysis. NLR, LMR and PLR were found weakly related to N stage through an application of Kendall’s tau-b correlation coefficient. Conclusions PLR was significant independent factors for OS and PFS, Age and LDH was significant independent factors for OS. NLR, LMR, PLR was corresponded to N stage.

Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score as a New Indicator of Prognosis in Patients With Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma Is Superior to NLR and PNI: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

“…The influence of inflammation and immunonutrition on the prognosis of cancer patients is the basis of many studies, and there is an important relationship between malnutrition and increased inflammation and the poor prognosis of cancer patients ( 34 , 35 ). Currently, tools to objectively assess nutritional status are poorly studied in cancer patients, while PNI, NLR, and CONUT scores can predict the prognosis of cancer patients, while they are objective and readily available ( 25 , 36 ). Controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score is a relatively new immuno-nutritional biomarker, which has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and comprehensibility.…”

Copy Number Analysis Reveal Genetic Risks of Penile Cancer

“…Currently, significant poor prognosticator in patients with penile cancer include lymph node positivity ( 27 ), metastatic nodes≥ 4 ( 28 ), AJCC stage ≥ III disease ( 26 ), pathologic stage of the primary tumor ( 29 ), histologic grade<G1 ( 30 , 31 ), a tumor thickness≥ 5 mm ( 32 ), vertical growth pattern ( 33 ), age<53, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)<188.5 U/L and Platelet-lymphocyte Ratio (PLR)<133.5 ( 34 ), p53 positivity ( 31 ), Human papillomavirus infection ( 35 ). However, there are few studies on the prognosis of penile cancer at the gene level, so our study also studied the gene types of prognostic factors later.…”

Systemic Inflammation Response Index Is a Predictor of Poor Survival in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Study

“…Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the value of inflammatory response biomarkers as predictive markers for prognosis in cancers. It has been shown that the neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) can predict the prognosis in various types of cancers (7)(8)(9). The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) is a new systemic inflammatory response biomarker based on peripheral blood cells counts, and it was demonstrated to be effective in predicting the prognosis of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (10), esophageal cancer (11) and cervical cancer (12).…”