Prognostic significance of XIAP and NF-κB expression in esophageal carcinoma with postoperative radiotherapy

Abstract

BackgroundX-chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) are frequently overexpressed and correlate closely with chemoradiotherapy resistance and poor prognosis in many cancers. However, the significance of XIAP and NF-κB expression in radiotherapy sensitivity and its effect on the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are still unknown. The aim of this study was to examine XIAP and NF-κB status in ESCC patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy after radical surgery, and to evaluate their clinical significance.MethodsA total of 78 ESCC patients treated with postoperative radiotherapy after radical surgery were enrolled in this study. We immunohistochemically investigated the expression of XIAP and NF-κB in tissues from enrolled patients with specific antibodies. Then, the correlations among XIAP, NF-κB expression, clinicopathological features and its prognostic relevance in ESCC were analyzed.ResultsThe increased expression of XIAP and NF-κB in ESCC tissues were clearly correlated with the tumor differentiation and p-TNM stage. Significant positive correlations were found between the expression status of XIAP and NF-κB (r = 0.779, P = 0.000). Overexpression of XIAP and NF-κB and metastasis were significantly associated with shorter overall survival times in univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis also confirmed that XIAP expression was an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.005).ConclusionsXIAP and NF-κB are intensively expressed in ESCC. The level of XIAP is positively correlated to progression and prognosis of ESCC.

Clinicopathological and functional implications of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins survivin and XIAP in esophageal cancer

“…In addition, nuclear survivin was linked to poorly differentiated (G3) ESCC. Consistent with our findings, Zhou et al (37) detected high XIAP expression levels in advanced ESCC and Takeno et al (30) revealed that increased survivin expression levels were associated with poorly differentiated esophageal cancer. Thus, suggesting a potential role of both IAPs in ESCC progression.…”

“…In contrast, the prognostic impact of XIAP expression and its association to pathological variables in ESCC patients has not yet been adequately investigated. To date only one published study exists, demonstrating a correlation of high XIAP expression and poor survival in a collective of ESCC patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy after radical esophagectomy (37). Moreover, the value of survivin and XIAP expression in EAC patients is even less clear and available data more limited.…”

“…In contrast to survivin, much less effort has been spent in investigating the prognostic value of XIAP expression in esophageal cancer. To date, only Zhou et al (37) reported that high levels of XIAP expression were associated with poor outcome in ESCC patients. Of note, our analysis verified the prognostic relevance of XIAP in ESCC patients.…”

MicroRNA-381 enhances radiosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein

“…In a previous work, differential miRNA-381 (miR-381) expression was found in ESCC tissues and cells with different levels of radiosensitivity, and miR-381 was found to act as a key regulator of radiosensitivity in ESCC 7. In addition, the research confirmed that the level of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) expression was positively correlated to progression and prognosis of ESCC 8. XIAP was predicted as a candidate target gene of miR-381 by target prediction software such as TargetScan, PicTar, and miRanda.…”

Prognostic value of microRNA-100 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…Despite the great advances achieved in radiotherapy and cytotoxic drug development, the overall 5-y survival rate of ESCC patients remains <30%, and the high probability of recurrence and metastasis are still the main causes of poor quality of life and death [6]. Although the stage based on tumor node metastasis classification and the response to radiotherapy have been widely used as prognostic factors, there are substantial differences in survival between patients with the same clinical stage and/or the same response to the treatment, because the clinical responses of ESCC patients to the same treatment are heterogeneous [7,8]. Thus, it is urgently necessary to identify reliable molecular markers to precisely predict tumor response to the treatment and the clinical outcomes of ESCC patients.…”