Prognostic Potential of Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio and Caspase-8 in Prediction of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Development

Abstract

The aim: To investigate the prognostic potential of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and caspase-8 levels in prognosis of COPD development in healthy individuals. Materials and methods: 77 individuals were involved into the study: 47 with COPD and 30 healthy volunteers. Patients underwent examination according to GOLD 2022 Guidelines. Caspase-8 serum levels were measured by ELISA. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio was calculated. Results: In crude and adjusted models lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and caspase-8 were associated with COPD development (respectively OR = 0.371 [95.0 % CI 0.217–0.634], p<0.006 and OR = 12.823 [95.0 % CI 2.104–78.134], p = 0.006). Additionally, systolic blood pressure had direct association with COPD (OR = 1.196 [95.0 % CI 1.028–1.391], p = 0.021). Noteworthy, diastolic blood pressure showed significant reverse association in univariate but not in multivariate analysis: OR = 0.850 [95.0 % CI 0.743–0.974] (p = 0.019) and OR = 0.820 [95.0 % CI 0.665–1.012] (p =0.064). Conclusions: Decreased lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and increased caspase-8 levels are important predictors of COPD development and can serve as an additional tool for early diagnosis of COPD in healthy individuals.