Prognostic indicators in paediatric cochlear implant surgery: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Evaluation of relevant adverse prognostic factors in paediatric CI remains a largely unreported field. Better identification of these factors is required for improving vital pre-operative counselling and resultant surgical expectations and outcomes.

Speech Perception Outcomes after Cochlear Implantation in Children with GJB2/DFNB1 associated Deafness

“…These were: late age of implantation, inner ear malformations and meningitis. In this review, connexin 26 (GJB2) mutations had a negligible impact (14).…”

“…The IT-MAIS test for preverbal children and tests for early speech perception were used. Perception categories were assigned to results appropriate to the speech perception category (SPC), as described by Moog and Geers (14). The scale with six levels includes categories where 0 means there is no detection, 1 stands for detection only, 2 for pattern perception, 3 for inconsistent closed-set word recognition and multiple spectral differences, 4 for consistent closed-set word recognition of vowels, 5 for consistent closed-set word recognition of consonants and 6 for open-set word recognition.…”

Predictors of pediatric cochlear implantation outcomes in South Africa

“…Indications for pediatric cochlear implantation are becoming more complex with an increase in bilateral implantation and a growing number of children with less severe hearing losses being implanted [10,[12][13][14][15]. Also, children with multiple medical conditions resulting from prematurity or perinatal etiologies are more likely to be considered as candidates, expanding the criteria for implantation even more [16].…”

“…In a recent systematic literature review on prognostic indicators in pediatric CI surgery, Black et al [10] identified only four factors influencing pediatric CI outcomes consistently, namely age at implantation, presence of inner ear malformations, as well as occurrence of meningitis and Connexin 26 GJB2 gene-related deafness. Firstly, early implantation is indisputably considered as a strong positive predictor of expressive and receptive language skills, as confirmed by a plethora of published studies [9,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

“…In order to counsel families pre-operatively about the range of possible outcomes and to plan for post-implantation intervention, accurate prognostic information is required [10,11].…”