Progesterone biosynthesis by combined action of adrenal steroidogenic and mycobacterial enzymes in fast growing mycobacteria

Light-driven progesterone production by InP–(M. neoaurum) biohybrid system

“…It was also reported that strong light destroyed the cell wall and inhibited the metabolism of the bacteria (Wang et al 2021 ). In summary, the illuminated MNR-InP biohybrids drove intracellular NADPH regeneration and facilitate sterol conversion, resulting in a progesterone titer up to 235 ± 50 mg/L, 5.2 and 9.4 times as much as the production titers of MNR-08 and the work previously reported by Donova and Egorova ( 2012 ) (Strizhov et al 2014 ).…”

“…Finally, in the context of semiconductor light-harvesting InP nanoparticles, decoupling NADPH regeneration from central carbon metabolism facilitated the production of progesterone. The resulting progesterone production was higher than that reported for M. smegmatis mc 2 155 cell factories (Strizhov et al 2014 ). Overall, this report provides a new M. neoaurum for the production of a certain steroid drug, progesterone, from sterols.…”

“…S8, S9). In addition, pregnenolone was thought to be the main product of CYP11A1 transforming ChO because reports have confirmed that CYP11A1 converts ChO to pregnenolone (Gerber et al 2015 ; Makeeva et al 2013 ; Strizhov et al 2014 ). Unexpectedly, the HPLC results suggested that progesterone was the main product and that pregnenolone was an intermediate in the conversion of ChO to progesterone.…”

Creation and Characterization of Mycolicibacterium Smegmatis mc2155 with Deletions in Genes Encoding Sterol Oxidation Enzymes

“…The strain of actinobacteria Mycolicibacterium smegmatis mc 2 155 is characterized by rapid growth, absence of pathogenicity and high frequency of transformation, simplifying its genetic modification. The M.smegmatis strain is able to efficiently absorb and use sterols as a carbon source [1], has biotechnological potential for genetic engineering to create strains producing pharmaceutically valuable steroids [2][3][4]. The initial stage of sterol catabolism by actinobacteria starts with the 3β-hydroxyl group oxidation and the subsequent double bond Δ 5 (6) → Δ 4 (5) isomerization resulted in the formation of 3-keto-4ene-steroids -stenones [5].…”

Microbiotechnologies for steroid production

“…The data were used for the generation of engineered strains with improved biocatalytic capabilities for production of AD (II), 20-hydroxymethyl pregn-4-ene-3-one (VII) and other value-added steroids ( Figure 1). The recombinant strains capable of single-step converting of phytosterol to testosterone (XIII), 1-dehydrotestosterone (XIV), progesterone (VIII) have been generated using heterologous expression of eukaryotic steroidogenic systems in mycobacterial hosts 15,16 . Effective production of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, IX) from phytosterol (I) has been provided by the combination of the chemical protectiondeprotection of the oxygen functionality at C3 with selective side chain degradation of the 3-substituted sterols using M. neoaurum (XII), which can be used in the syntheses of vitamin D3 derivatives.…”