Profit Function Analysis of Dairy Cattle Farming in Getasan and West Ungaran Districts, Semarang Regency

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor produksi terhadap keuntungan pada usaha sapi perah rakyat di Kabupaten Semarang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-September 2012. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Multistage Random Sampling. Lokasi yang terpilih yaitu Kecamatan Getasan dan Ungaran Barat dipilih dengan sengaja karena memiliki populasi sapi perah terbanyak. Responden adalah peternak sapi perah rakyat diambil secara acak sebanyak 80 responden. Variabel yang diukur yaitu keuntungan, biaya rumput, biaya konsentrat, upah tenaga kerja, modal dan pengalaman beternak. Data dianalisis menggunakan fungsi keuntungan Unit Output Price "Cobb-Douglas". Alat uji statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa input faktor produksi secara serempak berpengaruh nyata terhadap keuntungan peternak (P<0,05). Secara parsial biaya rumput, biaya konsentrat dan modal berpengaruh nyata terhadap keuntungan peternak (P<0,05). Rata-rata biaya produksi sebesar Rp. 1.661.827/bulan. Rata-rata penerimaan sebesar Rp. 2.399.453/bulan. Rata-rata pendapatan usaha sebesar Rp 737.425,-/bulan dengan rata-rata skala kepemilikan 2,4 ekor sapi laktasi/peternak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa usaha ternak sapi perah di Kabupaten Semarang menguntungkan.

The Profitability Analysis of Dairy Cattle Business on the Group of Dairy Farmers in West Ungaran District Semarang Regency

“…1.00 incurred by farmers gained revenue as much as IDR.1.10. This result was based on Haloho et al (2013) and Hafeez and Rahman (2014) that the dairy cattle business 1.4 and 1.68, which means that any expenditure 1.00 will give revenue IDR.1.4 and 1.68.…”

“…Besides, problems farmers income of dairy cattle can also influenced by the experience, knowledge and attitude of farmers (Eddy et al, 2012). The benefit obtained was significantly affected by capital that the optimal use of capital and in accordance with the need will increase profit optimally (Haloho et al, 2013).…”

“…According to the calculation result, profitability value was acquired for 10,34% per year in which it meant it was higher than the interest rate of BRI that applied for cattle business credit in West Ungaran District as much as 5% per year. Further, according to the research result of Haloho et al (2013) who stated that the profitability value of people daily cattle business in Semarang was as much as 43.46% greater than the nasional bank (BNI) interest rate for March 2013 as much as 4.25%, therefore the dairy cattle business was feasible to operate. Ragkos et al (2015) stated that the operation of the dairy farm is profitable in the short run.…”

“…In percentage, the greater the revenue or the profitability was acquired, the higher the total cost was spent; thus, the business becomes more successful or more profitable. Haloho et al (2013) stated that profitability is a way to measure the ability of a business to generate a profit from an asset or source of income. Profitability of dairy cattle farming is very important to know whether the business carried on within a certain period can be profitable or not for farmers.…”

The Impact of External and Internal Factors on the Dairy Farmer’s Household Economics

“…With the percentage of lactating cow that is less than 60%, the dairy cow business was not efficient and profitable (Sirajuddin et al, 2012). Also, Halolo et al (2013) and Ekowati et al (2011) informed the profitability of dairy cows through the percentage of lactating cow more than 60% with the efficiency level of 1.2-1.4. About 80% of the dairy farming costs are feed costs (Quen et al, 2014).…”