Profiling of phospholipid molecular species in human breast milk of Chinese mothers and comprehensive analysis of phospholipidomic characteristics at different lactation stages

Regulation of plasmalogen metabolism and traffic in mammals: The fog begins to lift

“…Plasmalogen ingestion via the diet happens already in early infancy, because several analytical studies have provided proof for the presence of plasmalogens and also lysoplasmalogens in breast milk from various mammalian species, including humans. Remarkably, the studies come to different conclusions as to the levels of the individual subclasses with one report stating that PC[P] account for the majority of human breast milk plasmalogens ( Song et al, 2021 ), whereas other studies find PE[P] as the most abundant subclass ( Garcia et al, 2012 ; Alexandre-Gouabau et al, 2018 ). Compared with other phospholipid classes (e.g., PE), PE[P] of breast milk has been described as particularly rich in PUFA ( Moukarzel et al, 2016 ), which could be a major contributor to proper development of the newborn, given the importance of these fatty acids for brain formation and function ( Bazinet and Layé, 2014 ).…”

Profiling of triacylglycerol composition in the breast milk of Chinese mothers at different lactation stages

“…This study is part of the MUAI (Maternal Nutrition and Infant Investigation) study and was reported previously. 19,20 In summary, subjects in this research were recruited from the obstetrics department of Clifford Hospital, Renxin postnatal care centre and communities in Guangzhou, China, from September to December 2019. Breastfeeding mothers aged between 20 and 35 years with single and full-term delivery were approached.…”

Three urban areas of China: a cohort study of maternal–infant factors and HM protein components

“…The data matrix of HM samples in colostrum (0-5 days), transitional milk (12-14 days), mature milk (28-32 days, 88-92 days, and 178-182 days) and HM protein components was scaled to unit variance (UV scaling) and subjected to a principal component analysis (PCA) model. 24 The concentration of 12 HM protein components and the 376 HM samples were respectively set to be the row and the columns of the matrix. The first two principal components contributed 54.1% of the variability in the data.…”