Profil pasien penyakit ginjal kronik yang dirawat di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Juni 2014 – Juli 2015

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a pathophysiological process due to multiple causes, resulting in progressively declined kidney function and generally ends with kidney failure. Data years 1995-1999 in the United States estimated that the incidence of CKD was 100 million cases every year, and it would increase about 8% every year. In Manado, CKD is one of the risky diseases that needs special attention and causes complications that can aggravate the CKD itself. This was a descriptive retrospective study using the medical record data of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from November 2015 to December 2015. Variables were age, sex, causes of CKD, complications, stages, and CKD patients stage 5 with and without hemodialysis. The results showed that of the total 71 patients there were 44 (61%) males and 27 (39%) females. The highest percentages were in age group 50-59 (21 patients), CKD stage 5 (44 patients), diabetic kidney disease as the leading cause (22 patients), and complication of renal anemia (25 patients). Of patients with CKD stage 5, there were 25 patients with hemodialysis and 19 patients without hemodialysis.Keywords: CKD, diabetic kidney disease, renal anemia Abstrak: Penyakit Ginjal Kronik (PGK) adalah suatu proses patofisiologik dengan etiologi beragam, yang mengakibatkan penurunan fungsi ginjal yang progresif, dan umumnya berakhir dengan gagal ginjal. Data tahun 1995-1999 di Amerika Serikat menyatakan insidens PGK diperkirakan 100 kasus perjuta penduduk pertahun, dan angka ini meningkat sekitar 8% setiap tahunnya. Di Manado, PGK merupakan salah satu penyakit berisiko yang perlu diberi perhatian khusus, dan sering terjadi komplikasi yang dapat memperburuk PGK itu sendiri. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif retrospektif dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder di Bagian Rekam Medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou periode November 2015 – Desember 2015. Variabel penelitian yaitu umur, jenis kelamin, etiologi, stadium, komplikasi, dan pasien penyakit ginjal kronik stadium 5 yang menjalani atau tidak menjalani hemodialisis. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 71 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi berdasarkan jenis kelamin terdapat 44 (61%) pasien laki-laki dan 27 (39%) pasien perempuan. Persentase tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok umur 50-59 tahun (21 pasien), stadium 5 (44 pasien), penyakit ginjal diabetes sebagai etiologi (22 pasien), dan komplikasi anemia renal (25 pasien). Pasien PGK stadium 5 yang menjalani hemodialisis sebanyak 25 pasien, sedangkan yang tidak menjalani hemodialisis sebanyak 19 pasien. Kata kunci: penyakit ginjal kronik, penyakit ginjal diabetes, anemia renal

The Relationship Between Indoxyl Sulfate Levels and Functional Ability of End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Regular Haemodialysis Using the Karnofsky Scale Measuring Instrument at Haji Adam Malik Central General Hospital Medan

“…(16 patients), 70-79 years (8 patients), 30-39 years (3 patients), 20-29 years (2 patients), and 80-89 years (1 patient). [11] Regarding gender, 34 patients were male, and 22 were female, consistent with the literature of Harris and Zhang in 2020, indicating a 50% higher incidence of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in adult men compared to women. However, it is crucial to note that the prevalence in women continues to increase due to hormonal protective factors before menopause, leading to a decrease in the incidence of hypertension and diabetic microvasculopathy, subsequently affecting the prevalence of ESRD and decelerating the decline in kidney function in ESRD patients without diabetes.…”

Correlation of Chronic Kidney Disease with Cardiomegaly Imaging in Posteroanterior Chest X-ray

“…In this study, the CKD prevalence is higher in our elderly subjects with age mean is 50,40 years old and like other similar studies, most patients diagnosed with CKD are in the age range of 50-59 years old [8,9]. Aging undergoes several changes in body that impact kidney function, so GFR declines with age [12].…”

“…There were different findings in this study from previous studies, which all of the subjects in this study are classified as CKD stage 5. Generally, CKD symptoms will not present until the late stage (stage 4-5) when the metabolism and hormonal disorder and electrolyte imbalance become more severe and it will lead patients to go to the hospital [12,13].…”