Profil épidémiologique des ulcères gastro-duodénaux au centre hospitalier et universitaire Campus de Lomé (Togo)

Abstract

But : Décrire les aspects épidémiologiques des ulcères gastroduodénaux et estimer la prévalence de l'Helicobacter pylori Matériels et méthode : Etude rétrospective, descriptive et analytique sur des résultats de compte-rendu de fibroscopie digestive haute menée en unité d'endoscopie digestive du service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie du CHU Campus de Lomé (Togo) sur 5 ans. Les critères d'inclusion étaient repré-sentés par la présence d'un ulcère gastrique et ou duodénal en endoscopie. Résultats : Durant la période d'étude, la fibroscopie digestive haute a été réalisée chez 2795 patients parmi lesquels 434 (228 hommes et 206 femmes) présentaient un ulcère évolutif gastrique et ou duodénal soit une prévalence de 15,53%.La localisation des ulcères était duodénale dans 244 cas (56,22%), gastrique dans 147 cas (33,87%), gastrique et duodénale dans 43 cas (9,9%). L'âge moyen était de 43,56 ans avec des extrêmes de 12 à 90 ans. Les ulcères gastroduodé-naux étaient révélés par les épigastralgies (64,52%). L'ulcère duodénal était significativement retrouvé chez les hommes (p=0,007) ; l'ulcère gastrique était significativement noté chez la femme (p=0,013). La biopsie gastrique était réalisée dans 139 cas. Sur les 98 résultats de biopsie retrouvés, la recherche d'Helicobacter pylori à l'histologie était positive dans 69 cas (70,41%). Conclusion : Les ulcères gastroduodénaux sont relativement fréquents en unité d'endoscopie digestive du CHU Campus et la prévalence de l'Helicobacter pylori est élevée mais reste sous-estimée. Mots clés Ulcère gastroduodénal · Épidémiologie · Helicobacter pylori · TogoAbstract Aim: To describe the epidemiological aspects of gastro duodenal ulcers and estimate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori. Materials and methods: A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study on results of report of upper digestive fiberscopy conducted in the endoscopy unit of Hepato-Gastroenterology department of the Campus Teaching Hospital of Lomé (Togo) over 5 years. Inclusion criteria were represented by the presence of gastric ulcer and or duodenal in endoscopy. Findings: During the study period, the upper digestive fiberscopy was performed in 2795 patients of whom 434 (228 men and 206 women) had a gastric or duodenal ulcer and evolving a prevalence of 15.53%. The location of ulcers was duodenal in 244 cases (56.22%), gastric in 147 cases (33.87%), gastric and duodenal in 43 cases (9.9%). The mean age was 43.56 years, ranging from 12 to 90 years. Gastro duodenal ulcers were revealed by epigastric pain (64.52%). The duodenal ulcer was significantly found in men (p=0.007); gastric ulcer was significantly observed in women (p=0.013). Gastric biopsy was performed in 139 cases. Of the 98 biopsy results found, the search for Helicobacter pylori at histology was positive in 69 cases (70.41%). Conclusion: Gastro duodenal ulcers are relatively common in digestive endoscopy unit of the Campus Teaching Hospital and the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is high but still underestimated.

Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Children Digestive Pathology in Abidjan

“…They are encountered at all ages and most often diagnosed during the upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Unlike the study of Lawson [5] where no biopsy was performed, we notice the performance of biopsies in 49 children (17.75%). Almost all (45/49) of these biopsies were sampled from the stomach (03 antral, 02 fundic, 01 angular) to search for chronic Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) gastritis.…”

“…Esophageal varices are relatively rare in children, 0.49% in the series of Lawson [5], 2% in that of Christina [30] and 5.07% in ours. They are encountered at all ages and most often diagnosed during the upper gastrointestinal bleeding.…”

“…Aoulou [11] and Boudabbous [10] reported it as the most common reason for performing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in their series in 37% and 43% of cases. However it has represented only 11% of indications in our children, 10.44% for Lawson [5], and 9.73% for Toufiki [12]. These results show that upper GI bleeding remains common in children and the observed differences are probably due to sampling fluctuations.…”

Peptic Ulcer Disease in CHUYO

“…This strong association of NSAIDs to PUD especially to acute complications was also reported at 46% by Ibara [9]. The concern of Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory in the origin of ulceration is recognized and accepted by all authors [3] [10] [13] [14]. The factors related to tobacco, alcohol and spices were found in respectively 50.8%, 49.2% and 44.6% patients.…”

“…The advent of potent inhibitors of gastric secretion and eradication of Helicobacter pylori has revolutionized the treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) [1] [2] [3]. This advanced therapy has resulted in the decrease in the frequency of this pathology and therefore its hospitalizations worldwide [2] [4] [5].…”