Professional nursing practice grounded in the theoretical framework of the discipline:reality or utopia

Abstract

ResumoEnquadramento: Sustentar a prática de enfermagem nas conceções da disciplina constitui atualmente um dos maiores desafios, motivo pelo qual importa conhecer a perspetiva dos enfermeiros. Objetivo: Analisar a perceção dos enfermeiros que exercem funções em instituições hospitalares, sobre a pertinência dos referenciais teóricos para a sustentação da sua prática profissional. Metodologia: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, exploratório e descritivo, realizado em 19 centros hospitalares, com a participação de 56 enfermeiros. Como instrumento de colheita de dados foi usada a entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: Da análise dos dados emergiram como categorias: Relevância dos referenciais teóricos para a prática profissional dos enfermeiros; Referenciais teóricos orientadores da prática profissional dos enfermeiros; Constrangimentos à integração dos referenciais teóricos de enfermagem e Estratégias para a integração dos referenciais teóricos de enfermagem. Conclusão: A intenção dos enfermeiros em adotar uma prática sustentada nos referenciais teóricos da disciplina tem sido negativamente influenciada pelos ambientes da prática, bem como pela dificuldade em compreender e integrar os referenciais teóricos, de onde emerge a necessidade de se adotarem estratégias. AbstractBackground: Supporting nursing practice on the discipline's conceptions is currently one of the biggest challenges, which is why it is important to understand nurses' views. Objective: Analyzing hospital nurses' perception of the relevance of the theoretical framework for sustaining their professional practice. Methodology: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study carried out in 19 hospitals, involving 56 nurses. The tool used for collecting data was a semi-structured interview. Results: Data analysis resulted in the following categories: Relevance of the theoretical framework for professional practice in nursing; Theoretical framework guiding professional practice in nursing; Constraints to the integration of the theoretical nursing framework and Strategies for the integration of theoretical nursing framework. Conclusion: Nurses' intention to adopt a practice based on the theoretical framework of the discipline has been negatively influenced by their practice environment and by the difficulty in understanding and integrating the theoretical framework, thus resulting in the need to adopt strategies.

Key Elements of Professional Nursing Practice: A Scoping Review

“…The majority of the studies were developed in the USA (ten studies), with others being from Ireland (one study), Canada (two studies), Australia (one study), Asia (two studies), Middle East (three studies), Portugal (two studies), Colombia (one studies), North America (one studies), and undescribed the location (five studies). Service settings used start from unit based [4], [16] mostly hospital based [5], [6], [10], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], community based [29], [30], to systems based in healthcare systems [11], [31], [32].…”

“…We mentioned that at least nine authors determined professionalism as a component of professional nursing practice [6], [17], [19], [20], [31], [35], [36], [37]. Other terms used to express professional value include ethical competence [19], [24], [28], caring [20], [22], [29], [31], and role and commitment [19], [29], [37].…”

“…Eight related studies state that reward and punishment are part of professional nursing practice [8], [17], [19], [20], [25], [33], [38]. These two things are outcomes that need to be considered when nurses have carried out nursing practice in accordance with predetermined standards [19].…”

200 years of Florence Nightingale: contributions to the professional practice of nurses in hospitals

“…In a study carried out in order to analyze the participants' perception of the relevance of using theoretical nursing frameworks to support their professional practice in the hospital context, knowledge about these frameworks was identified as a determining factor for their full integration (22) . It should also be noted that, from the perspective of the participants in this study, the educational institution in which the training took place seems to be decisive, and may justify some of the differences found in the five regions of the country.…”

“…Other authors add that the current divergence between what nursing theories propose and the practice of professionals can be related to three factors: decrease in the content taught on nursing theories, lack of attribution of meanings from theoretical concepts to professional practice and the organization of nursing care with a focus on the biomedical model (2,20) . In addition, the fact that nurses' knowledge about theoretical frameworks is often centered on the precursor theoreticians of modern nursing and the models they formulate (22) can explain nurses' high agreement with Florence Nightingale's conceptions of nursing, person, health and environment.…”