Professional homogeneity: Global versus local effects

Abstract

Theoretical approaches in studies on professionals are implicitly based on an assumption of homogeneity of attitudes among professionals. However, this assumption has never been validated. This paper examines whether professionals worldwide have relatively homogenous attitudes towards work as compared to non-professionals, and compares two competing theoretical arguments regarding the role of the state in shaping professionals' work-related attitudes. These were tested using a multinational representative sample of 12,015 respondents from twenty-one countries. Multilevel models showed that professionals do display more homogenous attitudes than non-professionals and that the effect of professional group membership on attitudes does not vary across countries.

Beliefs about social responsibility at work: comparisons between managers and non‐managers over time and cross‐nationally

“…, Rodrigo & Arenas , Valentine & Fleischman , Elci & Alpkan , Factor et al . ). These included age, gender and years of schooling.…”

“…, Factor et al . ), and there has been substantial debate about which occupations fall into the category of ‘profession’. Because the boundaries between professions and other occupations have become blurred (Montgomery & Oliver ), there has been a shift in focus from categorization to professional behavior and how such professional behavior – ‘professionalism’ – is inculcated.…”

“…Every year the survey includes a separate research module, which is usually repeated after several years to allow for a follow-up. The current research is based on two surveys, the 1997 and 2005 'work orientations' module, that addressed attitudes toward work and leisure, work content, work organization and sociodemographic variables (Sousa-Poza & Sousa-Poza 2000, Factor et al 2012). This unique merged database allows us to explore changes in attitudes toward CSR practices at two points in time and to compare them across different national contexts.…”

“…To control for the respondents' characteristics, we included 11 additional variables found in previous studies to be associated with work-related attitudes and beliefs (see, e.g., Piliavin & Charng 1990, Agle et al 1999, Keyes 2002, Brammer et al 2007, Rodrigo & Arenas 2008, Valentine & Fleischman 2008, Elci & Alpkan 2009, Factor et al 2012). These included age, gender and years of schooling.…”

Bi̇reyleri̇n Yüksek Li̇sans Yapma Nedenleri̇ Üzeri̇ne Bi̇r Araştirma

“…Yüksek lisans derecesinin sağladığı fırsatlar, iş hayatında yapılan ya da yapılacak uygulamaları akademik olarak desteklemek, daha iyi iş fırsatları elde edebilmek veya farklı bir iş koluna geçmek şeklinde sıralanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu derecenin çalışma arkadaşları ve rakipler arasında farklılaşmalar yarattığı da ifade edilmektedir (Factor, Oliver, ve Stecklov, 2012).…”