Produtividade de colmos em clones de cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

Produtividade de colmos em clones de cana-de-açúcar 1 O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade e as características de colmos de 25 clones de cana-de-açúcar, nos cultivos de cana-planta e cana-soca. O experimento foi realizado nos anos agrícolas de 2009-2010 (cana-planta) e 2010-2011 (cana-soca), em Jaguari, RS. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial (clones e cultivos de cana-planta e cana-soca), com três repetições. Ao final de cada cultivo, foram realizadas avaliações de comprimento, diâmetro, número e produtividade de colmos. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise da variância e, as médias, comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade A produtividade média de colmos dos clones mais produtivos de ciclo precoce, nos cultivos de cana-planta e cana-soca (96,6 e 123,4 t ha -1 , respectivamente) foi semelhante à obtida com os clones mais produtivos de ciclo médio-tardio (101,5 e 128,0 t ha -1 , respectivamente). No cultivo de cana-soca, a produtividade média de colmos superou a obtida no cultivo de cana-planta, com 13 dos 25 clones avaliados. Em geral, os clones mais produtivos apresentam valores elevados de número e de comprimento de colmos, sendo observada baixa variação do diâmetro de colmos dos materiais testados. Os clones RB965911, RB925345, RB855156, RB987935, RB935744, RB867515, RB975019, RB925268, RB845210 e RB975329 são os mais adaptados às condições edafoclimáticas da região da Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul, apresentando maior produtividade de colmos, com valores acumulados, nos dois cultivos, superiores a 200 t ha Productivity and agronomic variables in sugarcane clonesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and characteristic of stalks from 25 sugarcane clones in plant-cane and ratoon cultivations. The experiment was conducted in Jaguari, RS, Brazil, during the 2009/2010 (plant cane) and 2010/2011 (ratoon) growing seasons. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 25 × 2 factorial arrangement (25 clones and two growing seasons), with three replications. At the end of each growing season, the length, diameter, and number and productivity of stalks were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The average stalk yield of in the most productive clones with early cycle in plant-cane and ratoon (96.6 and 123.4 t ha -1 , respectively) was similar to that obtained with the most productive clones with mid-late cycle (101.5 and 128 t ha -1 , respectively). The stalk yield in ratoon exceeded that obtained in the plant-cane in 13 of the 25 clones evaluated. In general, the most productive clones have elevated number and length of stalks, with an observed low variation in stalk diameter of the tested materials. The clones RB965911, RB925345, RB855156, RB987935, RB935744, RB867515, RB975019, RB925268, RB845210, and RB975329 are the most adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul region, with hi...

Soil Physical Attributes and Production Components of Sugarcane Cultivars in Conservationist Tillage Systems

“…At the end of the first cycle, Campos et al (2014) did not find differences in tillering among 16 sugarcane cultivars. A similar result was also found by Morais et al (2017) who, in a study performed in Rio Grande do Sul to evaluate the performance of 12 clones, including RB855156, observed very similar responses among clones with respect to the number of stalks because there was a large cluster of clones with no significant differences among themselves, mainly in plant cane.…”

Chemical and technological characteristics of sugarcane as a function of pelletized organomineral fertilizer with filter cake or sewage sludge sources

“…On the other hand, following the present study, no substantial increase in the production was found from the first to the second cut [38]. However, a study indicated a tendency of maintaining and even increase the productivity of stalks was regularly observed, since 13 clones, out of 25 clones, showed higher productivity with the application of organominerals [67].…”

Growth and sugarcane cultivars productivity under notillage and reduced tillage system

“…According to Morais et al (2017), the height and diameter variables of the stalks are the main components that most correlate with the yield of stalks associated with the tillering, what was affirmed by Silva et al (2014), especially under adequate soil water availability, enabling the varieties to express their better genetic, highly correlated to soil moisture levels, hence, the greater the soil water availability, the greater the crop growth. On the other hand, the longer the drought period, the greater the formation of nodes and very short are the internodes and close to each other, thus, significantly reducing the parenchyma volume for sucrose storage (Câmara, 1993).…”

“…Under the same farming environmental conditions, varieties may express differently their genetic potential, thus, an influence in production components, such as crop height and diameter of stalks and tillering (Oliveira et al, 2004;Costa et al, 2011;Morais et al, 2017), in the same farming cycle or in successive cycles. In addition, these components are more correlated to stalks yield and tillering (Silva et al, 2008;Morais et al, 2017), especially under adequate soil water availability conditions, enabling the varieties to express their highest genetic potential (Silva et al, 2014). Abreu et al (2013) emphasized that the knowledge of the cultivar growth performance during the production cycle of the varieties is important to enable planning the production to match the periods of maximum growth to the ones of greater water availability, aiming at the increase of the production of the crop.…”