Produktivität, Management und Nutzung von Agrarholz

Landgraf, Dirk; Bärwolff, Manuela; Burger, Frank; Pecenka, Ralf; Hering, Thomas; Schweier, Janine

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49931-3_14

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…From the first to the second rotation periods, only approximately 50% of the poplar varieties showed increases in biomass yield (e.g., Max 4, AF 18, AF 16), whereas varieties such as Weser 6, Max 1 and AF 6 had decreasing yields. This is opposed to various publications, which reported an increasing yield over the first ten years [48]. Except for Fritzi Pauley, the six highest-yielding varieties increased their yield from the first to the second rotation periods.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Biomass Yield of 37 Different SRC Poplar Varieties Grown on a Typical Site in North Eastern Germany

Landgraf

Carl

Neupert

2020

Forests

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A total of 37 different poplar varieties were grown in a randomized mini-rotation short rotation coppice (SRC) (harvest every three years) on a light sandy soil under continental climatic conditions in the south of the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany. Along with well-known poplar varieties, newly bred ones that have not yet been approved for commercial use were selected for this study. Survival rates were determined after the first growing season in 2013 as well as at the first and second harvests in 2015 and 2018. Furthermore, the number of shoots, plant height, diameter at breast height, dry matter content and biomass yield of the varieties were recorded. After the second rotation period, only seven poplar varieties yielded more than 11 tadm ha−1 y−1 and can be recommended for commercial use. However, many varieties only reached about 8 tadm ha−1 y−1, and six varieties even had less than 4 tadm ha−1 y−1, among them newly bred varieties. Given the changing climate conditions, the cultivation of these varieties in SRC is not recommended. Our data also show that the biomass yield of several varieties decreased from the first to the second harvests. Since the survival rates were high and no damage by pest species was observed, the site-specific yield capacities of the individual clones are assumed to be the cause for this.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Biomass Yield of 37 Different SRC Poplar Varieties Grown on a Typical Site in North Eastern Germany

Landgraf

Carl

Neupert

2020

Forests

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“…Depending on the selected planting layout, the rotation period, the intended utilization of the wood and the regional availability of harvesting machinery, harvesting is carried out either via single-stage cut-and-chip methods (rotation period 2 to 5 years), or in two stages via the cut-and-store method (rotation period 4 to 20 years) [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Independently of the harvesting method and location, the harvest is carried out during the resting vegetation period in winter, as the land is then suitable for driving over if there are frost periods, there is optimal nutrient return thanks to leaf dropping and the transfer of nutrients into the root stock, thus ensuring optimal conditions for regrowth of the root stocks in the following spring [20]. As the trees display moisture contents of 50% and more at the time of harvesting, the harvested material must generally be placed in intermediate storage for low-cost natural drying prior to further utilization [19,21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same way, the quality of the wood chips produced also increases with the trunk diameter due to a distinctly lower share of bark [27,43], and the trunk sections may already be suitable for material utilization. Essential disadvantages are to be seen in the lower drying of the trunks and the considerably higher harvesting costs [17,18,20]. In order to be able to select the suitable harvesting and storage methods better depending on the site conditions, the behavior of poplar wood from short-rotation coppices during whole tree storage was therefore examined in detail at two of locations in Germany.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Options for Optimizing the Drying Process and Reducing Dry Matter Losses in Whole-Tree Storage of Poplar from Short-Rotation Coppices in Germany

Pecenka

Lenz

Hering

2020

Forests

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For sustainable production of wood in short-rotation coppices and agroforestry systems, it is necessary to optimize the storage processes to achieve low dry matter losses together with low-cost drying. The harvesting of the trees can be carried out very efficiently with modified forage harvesters or tractor-powered mower-chippers. The wood chips produced can be dried naturally at low cost in open-air piles. However, this type of storage is connected with high dry matter losses of up to about one fourth in the course of seven-month storage. Although harvesting whole trees is connected with significantly higher costs, lower dry matter losses are to be expected from storing the trees in piles. Consequently, in this study, the storage and drying behavior of poplar under different German weather conditions and depending on the structure of the storage piles has been examined in detail. After a seven-months storage period, the trees still displayed moisture contents of 41–44% following an initial moisture content of 56% but achieved very low dry matter losses of only 4–7%. Moisture contents of 35–39% could only be achieved in October after a further two-months drying period under favorable weather conditions. All storage piles were built up on approximately 30 cm high support timbers for better ventilation. Additionally, covering the ground with a fleece did not have any influence on the drying behavior, nor did different pile heights. Smaller tree trunk diameters are not only connected with a higher share of bark or ash, but also thinner trunks tend to become damp again more quickly after rainfall. That is why whole-tree storage is suitable above all for medium or longer rotation periods with which, under favorable conditions, the higher harvesting costs can be compensated by a higher wood chip quality and lower storage losses.

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“…Short-rotation coppices (SRC) are perennial biomass crops consisting of fast-growing deciduous trees which are harvested in short cycles. Depending on the intended utilisation, harvesting can be carried out in short (2-5 years), medium (6-12 years) and long (12-20 years) intervals [1]. In order to produce dendromass for energy purposes, the plantations are usually harvested in short cycles (so-called mini-rotation) and are established with densities of 7,000-16,000 stools per ha [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the intended utilisation, harvesting can be carried out in short (2-5 years), medium (6-12 years) and long (12-20 years) intervals [1]. In order to produce dendromass for energy purposes, the plantations are usually harvested in short cycles (so-called mini-rotation) and are established with densities of 7,000-16,000 stools per ha [1,2]. Due to their characteristics, a number of different tree species are generally suitable for cultivation in mini-rotation SRC and are also permissible under subsidy law in the European Union [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Large- and Medium-Sized Mammals Use Commercial Short-Rotation Coppice as Habitat?

Zitzmann

Reich

2022

Bioenerg. Res.

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We surveyed occurrence and activity of large- and medium-sized mammals on six commercial mini-rotation short-rotation coppice (SRC) plantations in northern Germany by camera trapping in different seasons (winter, late summer). In total, eleven species (6–9 per site) were detected. This corresponds to the majority of mammal species occurring in the study region. Roe deer, wild boar and red fox were found across all sites. All other species were detected on fewer sites and some in only one of the seasons. Roe deer was the most active species both in terms of visit frequency (days with detection) and use intensity (detection numbers). With few exceptions on individual sites, all other species showed significantly lower activity. Number of detected species and activity of most of the species did not differ between seasons. Furthermore, there were no differences between near-edge and central areas of the crops with regard to the activity of the occurring species. Activity of individual species on different sites, however, differed considerably in some cases. Our results show that a wide range of mammal species are basically able to include SRC into their habitat utilisation. However, the sporadic use by most species indicates a rather limited current habitat value of the surveyed plantations. Options to increase the habitat value of SRC for mammals are suggested, but their effectiveness needs to be tested in future studies. Since the spatial and temporal scope of our study was limited and only SRC of a uniform age-class were considered, our results are not immediately applicable to other landscapes, seasons or types and management phases of SRC. Therefore, further research is required that considers these aspects as well as species-specific patterns of habitat selection in comparison to other habitat types.

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Produktivität, Management und Nutzung von Agrarholz

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Biomass Yield of 37 Different SRC Poplar Varieties Grown on a Typical Site in North Eastern Germany

Biomass Yield of 37 Different SRC Poplar Varieties Grown on a Typical Site in North Eastern Germany

Options for Optimizing the Drying Process and Reducing Dry Matter Losses in Whole-Tree Storage of Poplar from Short-Rotation Coppices in Germany

Which Large- and Medium-Sized Mammals Use Commercial Short-Rotation Coppice as Habitat?

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