Produksi Enzim Selulase olehAspergillus niger pada Ampas Sagu

Abstract

Production of cellulase by Aspergillus niger was carried out by growing the cultureson sago waste. Sago waste contains cellulose that has not been used optimally. Cellulose is a polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers linked by β-1,4glycosides bonds. Glycoside bonds in cellulose can be enzymatically hydrolyzed into glucose with cellulase enzymes. Solid fermentation used to produce cellulase on sago waste as substrate was influenced by pH (3 to 6), moisture content (40% to 85%), and fermentation time (4 to 10 days). Products of the cellulase enzyme activity was measured by phenolsulfuric acid method. The results showed that the highest cellulase enzyme activity was 0.172 U/mL obtained at 85% moisture content, pH 5, and 8 days of fermentation time. ABSTRAKProduksi enzim selulase oleh Aspergillus niger pada ampas sagu telah dilakukan. Ampas sagu adalah salah satu bahan yang mengandung selulosa di mana ampas sagu belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Selulosa merupakan polisakarida yang terdiri atas monomer glukosa yang dihubungkan oleh ikatan β-1,4-glikosida. Ikatan glikosida pada selulosa dapat dihidrolisis menjadi glukosa secara enzimatik dengan enzim selulase. Fermentasi padat digunakan untuk menghasilkan enzim selulase pada substrat ampas sagu yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor pH (3 sampai 6), kadar air (40% sampai 85%) dan waktu fermentasi (4 sampai 10 hari). Produk aktivitas enzim selulase diukur dengan metode fenol-asam sulfat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas enzim selulase tertinggi adalah 0,172 U/mL yang diperoleh pada kadar air 85%, pH 5, dan waktu fermentasi 8 hari.

The The Change of Nutrients Rations Quality of Feed Fermented with Different Moisture Content

“…5.68% (9.34% into 8.66%) indicate microbial activity runs optimally under 50% moisture condition. Moisture takes important part in biosynthesis and enzyme secretion (Idiawati et al, 2014) . Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed secondary activity i.e.…”

“…Low content of moisture obviously inhibits microbial growth. The moisture plays important role on nutrient transport, chemical process and metabolic activity during fermentation (Idiawati et al, 2014) . Condition in lack of water decreased microbial growth as well as substrate degradation.…”

Studi Literatur Perbandingan Produksi Crude Selulase Dari Bahan Berlignoselulosa Untuk Pembuatan Bioetanol

“…Hal ini dikarenakan mikroorganisme mempunyai masa pertumbuhan yang bervariasi. Masa pertumbuhan terdiri dari beberapa fase yaitu: a) Fase lag, yaitu fase penyesuaian sel-sel dengan lingkungan pembentukan enzim-enzim untuk mengurai substrat; b) Fase eksponensial, yaitu fase perbanyakan jumlah sel di mana aktivitas sel sangat meningkat; c) Fase stasioner, yaitu fase dengan jumlah sel yang bertambah dan jumlah sel yang mati relatif seimbang di mana senyawa metabolit sekunder dapat dipanen; d) Fase kematian, yaitu fase dengan jumlah sel yang mati lebih banyak daripada jumlah sel yang hidup [15]. Kurva pertumbuhan Kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium sebagai berikut: Gambar 2.…”

Optimization of Cellulase Production by Aspergillus niger InaCC F506 in Solid-State Fermentation of Tofu Dreg

“…Another study was conducted by Dini and Munifah [31] regarding the production and characterization of enzymes cellulase by bacteria isolated from seaweed obtained optimum pH 5. Research conducted by Idiawati et al [14] on cellulase enzyme production by Aspergillus niger from sago pulp substrate using the SSF method obtained an optimum pH of 5.…”

“…Aryani [13] reported that isolated and characterized cellulase enzymes by Mucor sp mold with rice straw and corn cob substrates using the SSF method and additives MgSO4.7H2O, KH2PO4, FeSO4.7H2O, CaCl2.2H2O obtained an optimum pH of 5. Idiawati et al [14] produced cellulase enzymes by Aspergillus niger with sago pulp substrate using the SSF method and the addition of MgSO4.7H2O, KH2PO4, CaCl2.2H2O, urea as an additive whose optimum results were achieved at 30°C and pH 5.…”