Productive and reproductive performance, behavior and physiology of cattle under heat stress conditions

Alves, José Romero Alexandre; Andrade, Thiago Antunes Adriano de; Assis, Daniel de Medeiros; Gurjão, Thyago Araújo; Melo, Lídio Ricardo Bezerra de; Souza, Bonifácio Benício de

doi:10.31893/2318-1265jabb.v5n3p91-96

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The present study was carried out in the Department of Animal Science of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Southeast Minas Gerais, Rio Pomba campus during the months of November and December 2016. The municipality of Rio Pomba is located in a forest region in Minas Gerais and has an average altitude of 437 m, with coordinates of latitude 21° 16' 45″ " S and longitude 43° 10' 30"″ W. According to Köppen's classification, the climate of the region is CWA (temperate, with rainy and hot summers) (Sousa et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Responses of Pigs Finished in Deep Bedding and Conventional Bed Systems

et al. 2021

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The objective of this study was to characterize the thermal environment and evaluate the behavior of finishing pigs housed in deep bedding and conventional systems. The work was carried out in the Department of Animal Science of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Southeast Minas Gerais, Rio Pomba campus. Three pens were used in an installation for breeding pigs in their finishing phase. Two pens contained deep bedding, with wood shavings and rice husks. The remaining pen was a conventional system. The behavior of the piglets was observed from 8 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., noting the behaviors with the use of an ethogram, while data relating to the thermal environment in the stalls were automatically collected using data loggers. Thermal environment data for all systems presented thermal stress conditions. Regarding behavioral variables, animals in conventional systems had a higher frequency of visits to feeders, while animals in the deep bedding system were more active and visited the drinking fountains more frequently. Despite the higher level of activity of the animals in the deep bedding system, it is not possible to confirm that the deep bedding provides a better degree of well-being for the animals under thermal stress conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Responses of Pigs Finished in Deep Bedding and Conventional Bed Systems

et al. 2021

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“…Antes do aleitamento, entre 07h30 min e 08h00 min, foram quantificadas a frequência respiratória (FR) pela contagem do número de movimentos do flanco direito por minuto, frequência cardíaca (FC) pela auscultação entre o terceiro e quinto espaço intercostal esquerdo com o estetoscópio (Rappaport P.A Med. ® ) 1 obtendo-se o número de batimentos cardíacos por mi-nuto, temperatura retal (TR) medida por termômetro clínico digital (TH-150 modelo G-Tech ® ) 2 inserido no reto a 5 cm durante 2 min, e a temperatura corporal superficial (TCS) da fronte, escápula e virilha, com um termômetro digital de infravermelho (Instrutherm TI-550 ® ) 3 , e calculou-se o valor médio.…”

Section: Variáveis Fisiológicasunclassified

“…Os efeitos negativos ocasionados pelo estresse por calor é uma preocupação quando se fala de vacas em lactação, e muitas vezes os produtores deixam de considerar outras categorias animais, especialmente os bezerros, que também podem ter prejuízos com a temperatura ambiente elevada [6] e a exposição intensa à radiação solar. O estresse por calor pode aumentar a mortalidade, reduzir o desempenho e produtividade futura e ainda prejudicar o bem-estar [1,23].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Effect of Season and Age on Thermophysiological and Hematological Variables of Crossbred Dairy Calves in Tropical Environment

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Guimarães

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: The wellbeing and performance of calves may be impaired if raised in high temperature environments. Physiological and hematological variables serve as a tool to assess the welfare of cattle; therefore, the influence of seasons and age on physiological and hematological variables was evaluated of crossbred dairy calves in a tropical environment.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two male and female calves were evaluated from July 2016 to July 2017, when the calves were of 2, 15, 30, and 60 days of age. Respiratory (RR) and heart rates (HR) and rectal (RT) and body surface (BST) temperatures were quantified in the morning. Additionally, in the morning, dry bulb (Tdb) and wet bulb (Twb) temperatures were measured, and then, relative humidity (RH) and a temperature-humidity index (THI) were calculated. Blood was collected to perform hemogram. The day before the calves were evaluated, thermal environment data were collected to verify whether there were cyclic periods of heat stress. The mean air temperature ranged from 19°C to 22.1°C, and the highest THI value of 68 occurred in the summer mornings. In the afternoon, the maximum air temperature ranged from 27.5°C to 29.7°C. In autumn, respiratory and heart rates and body surface temperature were higher in 2-day-old calves than in other ages. The body surface temperature of 60-day-old calves was higher in spring and summer than in autumn. Rectal temperature remained in the normal range throughout the study period. Season did not influence the erythrogram and plaquetogram. The values for red blood cells, MCV, MCHC, RDW, platelets, and MPV varied among the calf ages. Season did not influence the values of leukocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, or N/L ratio; however, band neutrophils and eosinophils varied among seasons. Band neutrophils and monocytes were not altered by age, whereas leukocyte, segmented neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and N/L ratio values varied with age among the calves.Discussion: The air temperature and THI remained within the thermoneutral zone of crossbred dairy calves in the morning; however, in the afternoon the air temperature and THI increased, which indicates cyclic periods of critical heat stress. Higher RR and HR values observed in 2-day-old calves may be due to the physiological changes that accompany adapting to extrauterine life. The RT remained within the reference range for species during all seasons and at all ages, and therefore, the calves were able to maintain normothermia. The air temperature remained lower than the BST and was within the thermoneutral zone; thus, the loss of sensible heat was predominant in relation to evaporation dissipation. Age, breed, time of day, and meteorological variables may influence hematological constituents. Red blood cells of newborn calves are large, of fetal origin, and are replaced by smaller cells with advancing age, which results in a smaller MCV value. The higher neutrophil concentrations in 2-day-old calves resulted in a higher N/L ratio following the trend of plasma cortisol concentration, which is high at birth and decreases with age. The highest values of band neutrophils are because these cells are responsible for phagocytosis of microorganisms and other foreign materials. Since new-born calves are in contact with microorganisms in the environment and are highly susceptible to infections, it is justifiable to observe an increased number of band neutrophils. The differences observed in lymphocyte numbers in calves aged 30 and 60 days during autumn, winter, and spring is likely due to the production of B lymphocytes as an exposure response to agents present in the environment. We conclude that seasons interfere with BST and neutrophil and eosinophil counts, while age affects thermophysiological variables, erythrogram, plaquetogram, and leukogram.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Análise do campo termo-higrométrico da cidade de Uberlândia - MG

Silva¹

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Aos meus pais, meu marido, familiares e amigos, pelo apoio, incentivo, conselhos e ensinamentos ao longo dessa jornada. AGRADECIMENTOSAgradeço primeiramente a Deus, pois sem Ele não teria concluído essa jornada. E aos meus pais Ivone e Nelson, por todo o apoio durante os anos de minha formação pessoal e profissional.Ao meu marido Gustavo pelo companheirismo, paciência e pelos conselhos ao longo da realização dessa pesquisa. Ao meu sobrinho Frederico por compartilhar comigo a sua alegria e a todos os familiares que estiveram presentes me incentivando a concluir meu mestrado.Agradeço à Minnie pela companhia nos momentos de redação da dissertação.À minha orientadora Prof a . Dr a . Mara Regina Bueno de Mattos Nascimento, por ter aceitado me orientar ao longo desses dois anos, e também por ser sempre presente, dedicada e atenciosa, ensinando-me muito além dos assuntos da dissertação.Ao meu co-orientador Prof. Dr. Antonio Vicente Mundim, por ter me orientado ao longo dos anos de graduação, residência e por ter aceitado colaborar no meu projeto de mestrado, de forma atenciosa e dedicada, prestando auxílio tanto na parte prática como na redação da dissertação.Ao Prof. Dr. Ednaldo Carvalho Guimarães, pela paciência, os ensinamentos e a colaboração com as análises estatísticas.A Prof a . Dr a . Ricarda Maria dos Santos, Prof a . Dr a . Joely Ferreira Figueiredo Bittar e ao Prof.Dr. Alex de Matos Teixeira, por se disponibilizarem a participar da minha banca de defesa de mestrado, compartilhando seus conhecimentos e contribuindo para o enriquecimento da minha dissertação.A todos os colegas do Laboratório Clínico Veterinário da UFU (professores, técnicos, residentes e estagiários), pela amizade e colaboração no processamento das amostras sanguíneas.À colega de pós-graduação Patrícia Kelly de Moraes Brettas, pela amizade, conselhos, incentivo e companheirismo ao longo desses dois anos de caminhada.Aos alunos da graduação que me auxiliaram nos dias de coletas na Fazenda Experimental do Campus Glória, especialmente, à Hellen, Amanda, Igor, Paulo, Tatiane e Thaís. E também aos membros do Núcleo do Leite por me informarem os nascimentos dos bezerros.Aos meus queridos amigos da faculdade Anaís, Flaviane, Filipe, Giovanna, Maisa, Matheus, Paula e Priscila, por estarem sempre presentes em minha vida, oferecendo apoio e incentivo.Agradeço a todos que, direta ou indiretamente, contribuíram com a realização deste sonho. "Vencerás Não desanimes. Persiste mais um tanto. Não cultives pessimismo. Centraliza-te no bem a fazer. Esquece as sugestões do medo destrutivo. Segue adiante, mesmo varando a sombra dos próprios erros. Avança, ainda que seja por entre lágrimas. Trabalha constantemente. Edifica sempre. Não consintas que o gelo do desencanto te entorpeça o coração. Não te impressiones à dificuldade. Convence-te de que a vitória espiritual é construção para o dia-a-dia. Não desistas da paciência. Não creias em realização sem esforço. Silêncio para a injúria. Olvido para o mal. Perdão às ofensas. Recorda que os agressores são doentes. Não ...

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Productive and reproductive performance, behavior and physiology of cattle under heat stress conditions

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Behavioral Responses of Pigs Finished in Deep Bedding and Conventional Bed Systems

Behavioral Responses of Pigs Finished in Deep Bedding and Conventional Bed Systems

Effect of Season and Age on Thermophysiological and Hematological Variables of Crossbred Dairy Calves in Tropical Environment

Análise do campo termo-higrométrico da cidade de Uberlândia - MG

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