Production of Zirconium-Niobium Alloys for Nuclear Reactors Fuel Rods via SHS Process

Abstract

This article presents the results of studies of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) for obtaining zirconium alloys with niobium by the method of calcium-thermal reduction of nuclear-grade zirconium tetrafluoride in the presence of niobium powder. The optimal heating temperature of the initial charge and the methods of charge mixture with different calcium content were determined. The safety of the SHS process is ensured by the formation of an optimal combustion front of the mixture to remove the released high-pressure gases. A setup for the furnace reduction of zirconium alloys with charge preheating, discharge of molten products into molds of various designs, and control of the time and rate of slag and alloy crystallization has been tested. The required performance of the installation, the degree of transition of zirconium from salt into the alloy, and the purity, structure, and uniformity of the alloy were achieved.