Abstract:The current study makes use of life cycle assessment to evaluate the potential greenhouse gas (GHG) savings in coal electricity generation by 5% co-firing with sorghum pellets. The research models the utilization of 100 thousand hectares of under-utilized marginal land in Flores (Indonesia) for biomass sorghum cultivation. Based on equivalent energy content, 1.12 tons of pellets can substitute one ton of coal. The calculated fossil energy ratio of the pellets was 5.8, indicating that the production of pellets … Show more
“…Energy willow cultivation doesn’t produce large CO 2 emissions. Compared with the coal system, the combustion of just biomass pellets to generate 8,300 GWh of power can reduce global warming impacts by 7.9 million tons of CO 2 -eq, which is equivalent to an 85% reduction in GHG emissions, according to Wiloso et al 76 . It should also be remembered that energy crops store CO 2 in the soil and roots, which according to Yang and Tilman 77 is a more important determinant in the climate change mitigation potential of biofuels than the above-ground biomass.…”
The purpose of the work is to analyze the structure of the environmental impact of energy willow cultivation (Salix spp.) on plantations of various sizes, divided per materials and processes. The research covered 15 willow plantations, ranging from 0.31 ha to 12 ha, located in southern Poland. It was found, among others, that the so-called processes, i.e. the use of technical means of production, dominate the structure of the environmental impact (EI) related to the cultivation of energy willow, and that the cultivation of energy willow on larger plantations has a much lower environmental impact compared to cultivation on smaller plantations. Also, in the case of the environmental impact of processes, the largest environmental impact was recorded in the human health category, which is mainly associated with the consumption of fuel, i.e. diesel. It was determined, e.g., that the cultivation of energetic willow on larger plantations is characterized by a much lower environmental impact (as per the cultivation area), at approx. 108 Pt, compared to the cultivation on smaller plantations, where the value of the environmental impact is 168 Pt. A decisively dominant position in the structure of the environmental impact (EI), related to the cultivation of energy willow, is held by the so-called processes, i.e. the use of technical means of production. Their share in the total environmental impact decreases from 148.5 Pt in the group of the smallest plantations to 77.9 Pt in the group of the largest plantations.
“…Energy willow cultivation doesn’t produce large CO 2 emissions. Compared with the coal system, the combustion of just biomass pellets to generate 8,300 GWh of power can reduce global warming impacts by 7.9 million tons of CO 2 -eq, which is equivalent to an 85% reduction in GHG emissions, according to Wiloso et al 76 . It should also be remembered that energy crops store CO 2 in the soil and roots, which according to Yang and Tilman 77 is a more important determinant in the climate change mitigation potential of biofuels than the above-ground biomass.…”
The purpose of the work is to analyze the structure of the environmental impact of energy willow cultivation (Salix spp.) on plantations of various sizes, divided per materials and processes. The research covered 15 willow plantations, ranging from 0.31 ha to 12 ha, located in southern Poland. It was found, among others, that the so-called processes, i.e. the use of technical means of production, dominate the structure of the environmental impact (EI) related to the cultivation of energy willow, and that the cultivation of energy willow on larger plantations has a much lower environmental impact compared to cultivation on smaller plantations. Also, in the case of the environmental impact of processes, the largest environmental impact was recorded in the human health category, which is mainly associated with the consumption of fuel, i.e. diesel. It was determined, e.g., that the cultivation of energetic willow on larger plantations is characterized by a much lower environmental impact (as per the cultivation area), at approx. 108 Pt, compared to the cultivation on smaller plantations, where the value of the environmental impact is 168 Pt. A decisively dominant position in the structure of the environmental impact (EI), related to the cultivation of energy willow, is held by the so-called processes, i.e. the use of technical means of production. Their share in the total environmental impact decreases from 148.5 Pt in the group of the smallest plantations to 77.9 Pt in the group of the largest plantations.
“… Figure 7 GHG emissions comparison of the portable aluminum debris power generation with other energy sources of electricity generation in Indonesia. Note: (a) Wiloso et al (2020) ; (b) Siregar et al. (2020) ; (c) Widiyanto et al (2003) ; (d) Hanafi and Riman (2015) ; (e) Arsyad and Setiadi (2020) .…”
The potential use of aluminum debris as an energy source and carrier has been recently highlighted in the research. An aluminum debris power generator is a promising system that can be deployed in the aftermath of various types of disasters and provide portable electricity. Such a power generator produces electricity while simultaneously handling aluminum debris in disaster areas. We assess the economic and environmental performance of the aluminum debris power generator deployed to communal-scale disaster areas to determine its feasibility. The economic analysis indicates that aluminum debris power generators have a higher net present cost and levelized cost of energy than diesel generators, which are currently used for emergency power generation. However, aluminum debris power generators can improve their economic feasibility when the valuable boehmite by-product is considered. The aluminum debris power generator outperforms the diesel generator for the environmental impact on climate change. The life cycle assessment indicates that the primary source of the environmental impact comes from generator manufacturing. Our results suggest that recycling valuable materials and redesigning manufacture to reduce the use of critical materials can improve the profile of environmental impacts and provide economic benefits for aluminum debris power generators. Future research should be conducted to devise an ecosystem facilitating the sustainability of this type of generator.
“…The ash content depended on the composition of mineral contained in the source of fuel [Dick et al, 2007]. Moreover, the ash content caused slagging or fouling in the combustion chamber which resulting a technical diffi culties [Wiloso et al, 2020]. Figure 2 showed that as the proportion of coconut shell signifi cantly increased, the ash content of merbau wood and coconut shell wastes pellets were decreased.…”
The wood waste generated by wood industries is increasing. On the other hand, the demand for bioenergy in the form of pellets is also rapidly increasing. Converting wood waste into wood pellets can be one of the alternatives of waste management. At the same time, improving pellets quality can be implemented to keep up with the increasing pellets demand. This study investigated the characteristics of merbau (Intsia bijuga) wood and coconut (Cocos nucifera) shell wastes pellets, and effects of material combination pellets characteristics. The results showed that merbau wood and coconut shell wastes pellets proved to meet the DIN EN 15270 pellet quality standard. Moreover, a significant improvement on merbau pellets proximate properties and calorific value was investigated; however, the crush strength of pellets was significantly decreased.
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