Production of solamargine by in vitro cultures of Solanum paludosum

Abstract

Callus cultures of Solanum paludosum were established from roots, hypocotyles, cotyledons and leaf limbs of plantlets cultivated in sterile conditions on a Murashige and Skoog's modified medium. Non organogenous calluses were obtained with addition of BA or kinetin (10-SM to 10-6M) as the cytokinin and 2,4-D or NAA (10-SM to 10-6M) as the auxin. These calluses permitted the establishment of a cell suspension culture with BA (10-6M) and 2,4-9 (10-6M). Zeatin (10-6M) with IAA (10-6M) gave rise to organogenous calluses. These organogenous callus cultures developed multiple shoots which either proliferated if they were cultivated on a medium containing zeatin with IAA or IBA or were able to regenerate into whole plants when zeatin was used as the only hormone. The different plant material produced solamargine, the main steroidal glycoalkaloid present in the unripe fruits. The best production was obtained with the fruits of regenerated plants from organogenous callus cultures after reintroduction of these plants in their brasilian biotope. The solamargine content of the two types of plant materials was about 0.06% and 2.5% (dry weight) respectively for the callus cultures and the fruits from in vitro plants. The fruits were harvested a year after the beginning of the plantlet regeneration step.Abbreviations: HPTLC -high performance thin layer chromatography; HPLC -high performance liquid chromatography; 2,4-D -2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; BA -benzylaminopurine; IAA -3-indolebutyric acid; NAA -a-naphthaleneacetic acid; IBA -3-indolebutyric acid; IPA -isopentenyladenine

Solamargine production by a fungal endophyte of Solanum nigrum

“…0·06% (by dry weight) (E1‐Badaoui et al . ). Furthermore, while chemical synthesis of solamargine is possible, it does not appear to be practical as the overall yield was only 10·5%, requiring 13 steps (Wei et al .…”