Production of rubber plasticizers based on waste PET: Techno-economical aspect

Abstract

Production of rubber plasticizers, based on waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and economic effectiveness of developed technologies are presented and discussed. Waste PET glycolyzates, named diisononyl terephthalate(DINTP), didecyl terephthalate (DDTP), dibenzyl terephthalate(DBTP) and diglyceryl terephthalate(DGTP), were obtained by catalytic depolymerization of PET with isononyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol and glycerol. The structural analysis of the synthesized plasticizers was done using elemental, FTIR and NMR spectral analysis. Physical-mechanical properties of the rubber products composed of 100 phr of 28 % nitrile butadiene caoutchouc (NBR) and 20.7 phr of plasticizer were investigated. Influence of the synthesized plasticizers on Shore hardness, breaking strength and elongation at break was investigated. Obtained results were compared with ones obtained for commercial plasticizer dioctyl phthatale (DOP). Evaluation of economic potential of new technology for plasticizers production, i.e. results of techno-economic analysis, was presented. Benefits of the presented technology was based on the use of waste PET which is related to both environmental protection and profitability aspects.

Green Plasticizer for Poly(vinyl chloride) Re-Granulate Production: Case Study of Sustainability Concept Implementation

“…Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that the use of diethylene glycol terephthalate modified with maleic anhydride results in a material with commendable mechanical properties [30]. Terephthalate-based plasticizers contribute to excellent product durability, flexibility at low temperatures, and enhanced electrical insulation capabilities [32]; thus, they hold promise as a viable and beneficial alternative. Therefore, if waste PET, a polyester-type thermoplastic polymer, and reactants of natural origin are used in plasticizer syntheses, an extraordinary situation is realized that includes the principles of green chemistry in technological processes.…”

One-Pot Syntheses of PET-Based Plasticizer and Tetramethyl Thiuram Monosulfide (TMTS) as Vulcanization Accelerator for Rubber Production

“…A new engineering approach to developing automotive tires, or the concept of green tires, adopted recently, requires continuous growth in terms of better fuel economy consumption, reduction of harmful gas emissions, improved driving safety, and increased product durability [1]. This work aimed to use styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and butadienenitrile (NBR) as a network precursor in rubber blends with tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (TMTD) and tetramethyl thiuram monosulfide (TMTS) as accelerators and environmentally friendly plasticizers obtained from PET recycling to get nanocomposite materials with adequate properties [2]. The influence of synthesized accelerators and plasticizers on blend characteristics as well as the dynamic-mechanical and mechanical properties of the obtained elastomer nanocomposites will be examined and compared.…”

“…In this work, PET-based eco-resins will be obtained by PET depolymerization with various poly-hydroxyl alcohols/glycols and amines. These hydroxyl/amino-terminated products (monomeric or oligomeric products, liquid to highly viscous) can be further functionalized to obtain various products, such as plasticizers for rubber blends [2,4]. In rubber production, plasticizers are generally used to help the movability of polymeric chains, enhance rubber processability, and improve its physico-mechanical characteristics.…”

“…In rubber production, plasticizers are generally used to help the movability of polymeric chains, enhance rubber processability, and improve its physico-mechanical characteristics. Plasticizers used in the rubber industry are mainly diesters of dibasic acids and monohydroxy alcohols, and the most common are phthalates: di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, better known as dioctyl phthalate (DOP), di-isononylphthalate (DINP), and a mixture of esters of aliphatic hydrophobic acids with a larger molecular weight, as well as some types of polycondensed and polymerized products and chlorinated hydrocarbons [2]. Previous research implied that di-ethylene glycol terephthalate (obtained from PET waste by alcoholic glycolysis and modified with organic acid) could act as a plasticizer with good mechanical properties [5].…”

Circular economy implementation in the development of fire-retardant materials used in construction, industry, and general-purpose products

“…Chemical recycling of PET trash can greatly decrease environmental difficulties caused by incineration or landfill accumulation of this material. It can be reused in the production of new products such as polyester, epoxy, and alkyd resins [15], and plasticizers [16]. Primary (Pre-Consumer Industrial Scrap), secondary (Mechanical Recycling), tertiary (Chemical Recycling), and quaternary (Energy Recovery) waste PET recycling is possible [17].…”