Production of Particulate Beams

Murphy, Wyatt; Sears, G. W.

doi:10.1063/1.1713788

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Although sonic or supersonic nozzles have been widely used to focus particles (Murphy and Sears 1964;Israel and Friedlander 1967;Cheng and Dahneke 1979;Dahneke and Cheng 1979;Fernández de la Mora et al 1989;Mallina et al 2000;Tafreshi et al 2002), we constrain the flow through lenses to be subsonic to avoid the complicated influence of shock waves on particle focusing. Therefore, the lens Mach number (Ma) is limited to be smaller than the value corresponding to choked flow (Ma * ) (Wang et al 2005a), i.e.,…”

Section: Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design Tool for Aerodynamic Lens Systems

Wang

McMurry

2006

Aerosol Science and Technology

105

125

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We report in this article the development of a tool to design and evaluate aerodynamic lens systems: the Aerodynamic Lens Calculator. This Calculator enables quick and convenient design of aerodynamic lens systems based on the parameterized knowledge gained from our detailed numerical simulations of flow and particle transport through aerodynamic lens systems. It designs the key dimensions of a lens system: pressure limiting orifice, relaxation chamber, focusing lenses, spacers and the accelerating nozzle. It also provides estimates of particle terminal axial velocities, particle beam width, and particle transmission efficiencies. This article describes in detail the information that is used in the design tool, including equations for pressure drop through orifices, contraction factors as a function of Reynolds, Mach and Stokes numbers, spacer length as a function of Reynolds number and estimations for the relaxation chamber dimensions. The article also evaluates the performance of the design tool by comparing its predictions with the performance of aerodynamic lens systems that have been described in the literature.

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Section: Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design Tool for Aerodynamic Lens Systems

Wang

McMurry

2006

Aerosol Science and Technology

105

125

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“…The possibility of producing collimated beams of particles by the continuous expansion of an aerosol has been demonstrated by Murphy and Sears (1964) and systematically characterized in the seminal work of Israel and Friedlander (1967). The method is based on the expansion of a particle-gas mixture through a nozzle, generating a sonic or supersonic gas stream (Dahneke and Flachsbart 1972;Dahneke and Cheng 1979;Cheng and Dahneke 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Nozzle Configuration for the Production of Low Divergence Supersonic Cluster Beam by Aerodynamic Focusing

Tafreshi

Benedek

Piseri

et al. 2002

Aerosol Science and Technology

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A nozzle con guration for the production of an intense and collimated supersonic cluster beam is presented and characterized by numerical modeling. A simple lens added to a cylindrical nozzle exploits aerodynamic focusing effects. The effect of the focalizing nozzle is an enrichment of the core of the jet with clusters of an arbitrary size interval depending on carrier gas pressure and temperature. The in uence of the source and nozzle geometrical parameters and of the expansion conditions on the cluster focalization is simulated and compared to the experimental results. A collimating effect on particle velocities and the possibility of obtaining a cluster mass selection is also observed.

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“…It is well known [see, e.g., [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]] that a particle beam can be formed when aerosols are expanded into a vacuum where the carrier gas is scattered away by intermolecular collisions and the seeded particles are accelerated and dragged into the central core of the jet due to their large momentum. It is not our intention here to provide a detailed review of the extensive literature existing on this topic: rather, reference will be given to only a few selected publications relevant to the work described in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the pioneer work of Murphy and Sears on the production of a particle beam using expansion through a capillary [2], extensive theoretical and experimental studies have been devoted to it [3][4][5][6][7][8]. It has been proven that particles cross a singular point after passing through a highly convergent nozzle such as a thin-plate orifice [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Characterization, and Application of a Versatile Single Particle Detection Apparatus for Time-Integrated and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Measurements—Part I: Theoretical Considerations

Omenetto

Winefordner

2009

Laser Chemistry

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Recent progress in aerosol science has resulted in more challenging demands in the design of new particle beam introduction systems. In this paper, the concept of a variable orifice aerodynamic lens system is presented and supported by the numerical simulation results. This novel particle beam inlet can serve as either a narrow band pass filter (a particle segregator) that only confines particles with a specific size or a broad band pass filter (a particle concentrator) that allows particles with a wide size range to be concentrated on the beam axis. Following a brief description of the inlet system, computational details are described. Simulation of this inlet has been carried out by the commercial computational fluid dynamics protocol FLUENT. Focusing performance and characteristic of single-thin plate orifices have been first revealed and discussed, and then the dynamics and advantages of using multiple lenses with variable orifices are addressed. It is clearly shown that the focusing size range can be primarily adjusted by varying the working pressure, the orifice geometry, and/or the arrangement of orifices. As a result, a selection of the desired particle focusing size range can be achieved without the need of changing the inlet, thus increasing the versatility of the device for a broad range of applications.

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Production of Particulate Beams

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

A Design Tool for Aerodynamic Lens Systems

A Design Tool for Aerodynamic Lens Systems

A Simple Nozzle Configuration for the Production of Low Divergence Supersonic Cluster Beam by Aerodynamic Focusing

Development, Characterization, and Application of a Versatile Single Particle Detection Apparatus for Time-Integrated and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Measurements—Part I: Theoretical Considerations

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