Production of para-aminobenzoate by genetically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum and non-biological formation of an N-glucosyl byproduct

Expanding the repertoire of aromatic chemicals by microbial production

“…13,20,23,49,76 Therefore, several approaches have been implemented to reduce aromatic toxicity to microbial cells. 13,20,23,49,76 Therefore, several approaches have been implemented to reduce aromatic toxicity to microbial cells.…”

“…Chreptowicz and Mierzejewska 98 employed rapeseed oil as the second phase to realize in situ 2-phenylethanol removal in a yeast biphasic fermentation system. 23 (v) Whole-cell catalysis and enzyme catalysis also are two alternative approaches for producing aromatic chemicals from suitable precursors, that is not limited by product toxicity. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of S. cerevisiae for p-aminobenzoic acid was found to be 0.62 g L −1 .…”

“…2). 6,23,32 The evaluation of the sensitivity to p-aminobenzoic acid toxicity revealed that C. glutamicum had better tolerance than E. coli and P. putida. To produce p-aminobenzoic acid from glucose, genetically engineered C. glutamicum was constructed by introducing both pabAB and pabC.…”

“…Microbial production of aromatic chemicals such as phenol, vanillin, p-aminobenzoic acid, 2-phenylethanol and styrene from glucose is frequently limited by the toxicity of the aromatics towards host cells. 13,20,23,49,76 Therefore, several approaches have been implemented to reduce aromatic toxicity to microbial cells. (i) An aqueous-organic two-phase bioprocess is conventionally used to alleviate product toxicity.…”

“…C. glutamicum exhibited best tolerance to p-aminobenzoic acid in all three tested microbial hosts and the final genetically engineered strain produced yields as high as 43 g L −1 of p-aminobenzoic acid in 48 h under fermenter-controlled conditions. 23 (v) Whole-cell catalysis and enzyme catalysis also are two alternative approaches for producing aromatic chemicals from suitable precursors, that is not limited by product toxicity. However, the efficiency of this biocatalysis is often affected by the expensive precursors or the insufficient supply and regeneration of cofactors, such as NADP + /NADPH, NAD + /NADH.…”